December 13

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Sunday, December 13, 2020. 348th day of the year. There are 18 days remaining until the end of the year.

 ? HISTORICAL EVENTS?

 1294 - St. Celestine V resigns from the papacy just five months later to return to her former life as a hermit.

 1545 - The Council of Trent begins.

 1577 - Sir Francis Drake sails from Plymouth, England, on a voyage around the world.

 1636 - A colony in Massachusetts forms three police regiments to defend the colony from the Pequot Indians. This organization is recognized today as the founder of the U.S. National Guard.

 1642 - Abel Tasman is recorded in Europe for the first time to see New Zealand.

 1643 - English Civil War: Battle of Alton in Hampshire.

 1938 - Holocaust: The Noyengamme concentration camp opens in the Bergedorf district of Hamburg, Germany.

 1943 - World War II: The Kalavryta massacre by German occupying forces in Greece.

 1960 - When Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie visits Brazil, his imperial bodyguard seizes the capital, removes him from office, and proclaims his son, Crown Prince Asfa Vossen, emperor.

 1962 - NASA launches Relay 1, the first active feedback satellite in orbit.

 1967 - Greece attempted a failed coup against the regime of Constantine II.

 1974 - North Vietnam launches a spring offensive, resulting in the fall of South Vietnam.

 1981 - General Wojciech Jaruzelski declares martial law in Poland, largely because of Birdamlik's actions.

 1982 - A 6.0-magnitude earthquake in northern Yemen shakes Valka with maximum Meralli intensity (heavy) in southwestern Yemen, killing 2800 people and injuring 1500.

 1988 - After the U.S. government refuses to grant him a visa to visit UN headquarters in New York, FSB Chairman Yasser Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland.

 1989 - Problems: Attack on Derryard checkpoint: The Provisional Irish Republican Army launches an attack on a British Army temporary transport point near Rosslea, Northern Ireland. Two British soldiers were killed and two others were wounded.

 2001 - Sansad Bhavan, India's parliament building, is attacked by terrorists. Twelve people were killed, including terrorists.

 2002 - EU enlargement: On 2004 May 1, the EU announced the accession of Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia.

 2003 - Iraq War: Operation Red Dawn: Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is captured near his home in Tikrit.

 2007 - The Lisbon Treaty is signed by EU member states.

 In 2011 - a murder in the Belgian city of Liege - suicide, six people were killed and 125 injured in the Christmas market.

 2018 - A high-speed train crashes in Ankara, Turkey, killing at least 9 people and injuring 84 others.

? BORN?

 1272 - Frederick III, king of Sicily (died 1337)

 1363 - Jean Gerson, Chancellor of the University of Paris (died 1429)

 1499 - Justus Menius, German Lutheran priest (died 1558)

 1521 - Pope Sixtus V (died 1590).

 1585 - William Drummond of Hawthorne, Scottish poet (died 1649)

 1662 - Francesco Bianchini, Italian astronomer and philosopher (died 1729)

 1720 - Carlo Gozzi, Italian playwright (died 1804)

 1724 - Franz Aepinus, German astronomer and philosopher (died 1802).

 1769 - James Scarlett Abinger, English judge (died 1844)

 1780 - Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, a German chemist, invents the Döbereiner lamp (died 1849).

 1797 - Heinrich Gaine, German journalist, poet and critic (died 1856)

 1804 - Joseph Howe, Canadian journalist and politician, 5th Prime Minister of New Scotland (died 1873).

 1814 - Ana Neri, Brazilian nurse and philanthropist (died 1880).

 1816 - Werner von Siemens, German engineer and businessman, founded Siemens (died 1892).

 1818 - Mary Todd Lincoln, 16th First Lady of the United States (died 1882).

 1830 - Matilde Fibiger, Danish feminist, novelist and telegraph operator (died 1892)

 1836 - Franz von Lenbach, German painter and academic (died 1904)

 1854 - Hermann Bavink, Dutch philosopher, theologian, and academic (died 1921)

 1856 - Svetozar Boroevic, Croatian-Austrian Field Marshal (died 1920)

 1864 - Emil Seidel, American wood carver and politician, 36th mayor of Milwaukee (died 1947).

 1870 - Edward Lane, American actor and director (died 1940)

 1871 - Emily Carr, Canadian painter and author (died 1945)

 1874 - Joseph Lvinvin, Russian pianist and teacher (died 1944)

 1882 - Jane Edna Hunter, African-American social worker (died 1971)

 1883 - Belle da Costa Green, American librarian and bibliographer (died 1950)

 1884 - Aimilios Veakis, Greek actor, director and playwright (died 1951)

 1885 - Annie Dale Biddle Andrews, American mathematician (died 1940)

 1887 - George Polya, Hungarian-American mathematician and academician (died 1985)

 1897 - Albert Aalbers, a Dutch architect, designs the Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel (died 1961).

 1897 - Drew Pearson, American journalist and author (died 1969)

 1900 - Jonel Perlea, Romanian-American conductor and teacher (died 1970).

 1901 - Olev Roomet, Estonian singer, violinist and gardener (died 1987).

 1902 - Panagiotis Kanellopoulos, Greek philosopher and politician, becomes the 138th Prime Minister of Greece (died 1986).

 1902 - Talkott Parsons, American sociologist and academic (died 1979)

 1903 - Carlos Montoya, Spanish guitarist and composer (died 1993)

 1905 - Ann Barzel, American writer and dance critic (died 2007)

 1906 - Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (died 1968)

 1906 - Laurens van der Post, South African-British soldier and author (died 1996)

 1908 - Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira, Brazilian historian and activist (died 1995)

 1908 - Van Hefflin, American actor (died 1971)

 1908 - Elizabeth Alexander, English geologist, academic and physicist (died 1958)

 1912 - Luiz Gonzaga, Brazilian songwriter and accordionist (died 1989)

 1913 - Arnold Brown, Anglo-Canadian missionary, 11th General of the Salvation Army (died 2002).

 1914 - Alan Bullock, English historian and author (died 2004)

 1914 - Larry Noble, English comedian and actor (died 1993)

 1915 - BJ Worster, South African lawyer and politician, President of the 4th State of South Africa (died 1983).

 1916 - Leonard Weissgard, American writer and painter (died 2000)

 1918 - Bill Vukovic, Serbian-American racing driver (died 1955)

 1919 - Hans-Joachim Marcel, German captain and pilot (died 1942).

 1920 - George P. Schulz, American economist and politician, 60th U.S. Secretary of State

 1921 - Turgut Demirag, Turkish film producer, director and screenwriter (died 1987).

 1923 - Terence Beckett, English businessman (died 2013)

 1923 - Edward Bede Clancy, Australian Cardinal (died 2014)

 1923 - Larry Dobby, American baseball player and manager (died 2003)

 1926 - Karl Erskine, American Major League Baseball player

 1926 - George Roden, Jamaican runner

 1928 - Christopher Plummer, Canadian actor and producer

 1930 - Robert Proski, American actor (died 2008)

 1933 - Doug Moxes, Canadian-American hockey player (died 2014)

 1934 - Richard D. Zanuk, American film producer (died 2012)

 1935 - Turkan Saylan, Turkish physician and academician (died 2009).

 1935 - Arthur Summons, Australian rugby player

 1937 - Ulf G. Linden, Swedish businessman (died 2009)

 1938 Johnson, American basketball player (died 1987)

 1941 - John Davidson, American actor and show host

 1942 Howard Brenton, English playwright and screenwriter

 1944 - Hwang Jang-Li, Japanese-South Korean martial artist and actor

 1945 - Herman Kane, American businessman and political activist (died 2020).

 1948 - Jeff Baxter, American guitarist, songwriter and producer

 1948 - Lillian Board, South African-British sprinter (died 1970)

 1948 - Ted Nugent, American songwriter, guitarist and actor

 1948 - Brian Wilson, Scottish journalist and politician, Secretary of State

 1949 - RA MacAvoy, American computer programmer and author

 1949 - Randy Owen, American country music singer and songwriter and guitarist

 1949 - Tom Verlaine, American songwriter and guitarist

 1950 - Linda Bellos, British businesswoman and politician

 1950 - Julia Slingo, English meteorologist and academic

 1950 - Tom Wilsak, American lawyer and politician, 30th U.S. Secretary of Agriculture

 1952 - John Francom, English jockey and master of sports

 1952 - Larry Canon, American basketball player

 1952 - Jean Roux, French author

 1953 - Jim Davidson, English comedian, actor and TV presenter

 1953 - Bob Gayne, Canadian hockey player, coach and manager

 1953 - Thomas Kurjals, German keyboard player and songwriter (died 2014).

 1954 - John Anderson, American singer and songwriter and guitarist

 1954 - Steve Forbert, American songwriter and guitarist

 1954 - Harsh Vardhan, Indian otorhinolaryngologist and politician, Minister of Science and Technology of India

 1956 - Dale Berra, American baseball player

 1956 - Phil Hubard, American basketball player and coach

 1957 - Steve Buskemy, American actor and director

 1957 - Eric Mariental, American saxophonist

 1959 - Staffan William-Olsson, Swedish guitarist and composer

 1960 - Richard Dent, American footballer

 1961 - Harry Gregson-Williams, English composer, conductor and producer

 1961 - Irene Sáez, Venezuelan model and politician, governor of Nueva Esparta

 1961 - Gary Zimmerman, American footballer

 1962 - Roger Ilegems, Belgian cyclist

 1962 - Jamie Raskin, American lawyer, academic and politician

 1962 - Rex Ryan, American footballer and coach

 1962 - Rob Ryan, American football player and coach

 1964 - Secret, Japanese writer, X Former Japanese lead guitarist (died 1998).

 1966 - Mike Tiriko, American master of sports

 1967 - Jamie Foxx, American actor, singer, songwriter, producer and comedian

 1967 - Bo Pelini, American footballer and coach

 1969 - Sergei Fedorov, Russian hockey player and manager

 1970 - Tonja Buford-Bailey, American blocker and coach

 1971 - Naomi Long, Northern Irish engineer and politician, 54th Mayor of Belfast

 1971 - Park Jin Young, South Korean singer and songwriter, producer and record performer

 1971 - Lane Wood, Welsh academic and politician

 1978 - Kaspars Kambala, Latvian basketball player

 1978 - BJPenn, American mixed martial arts master and wrestler

 1979 - Matjaj Smodish, Slovenian basketball player

 1979 - Luke Steele, Australian songwriter and musician

 1980 - Patrick Antonius, Finnish tennis player, coach and poker player

 1980 - Ryan Franz, English footballer

 1980 - Danil Khaustov, Estonian swimmer

 1981 - Amy Lee, American singer and pianist

 1981 - Metis Bailey, American-Canadian writer and science fiction writer

 1982 - Dan Hamhuis, Canadian hockey player

 1988 - James Tamou, New Zealand - Australian rugby league player

 1989 - Ellin Onsando Obiri, Kenyan runner

 1989 - Ben Ridge, Australian rugby league player

 1989 - Taylor Swift, American singer and songwriter, recording producer and actress

 1990 - Joseph Garrett, English YouTube personality

 1991 - Senah Mango, Togolese footballer

 1991 - Aaron Telitz, American racing driver

 1996 - Glaiber Torres, Venezuelan baseball player

 ◾THE DEAD◾

 558 - Childebert I, King of the Franks (born 496)

 769 - Du Hongjian, Chinese politician (born 709)

 838 - Pitin I Aquitaine (born 797)

 859 - Angilbert II, Archbishop of Milan

 1126 - Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria (born 1075)

 1204 - Maymonid, Spanish rabbi and philosopher (born 1135).

 1250 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1194)

 1272 - Bertold, Regensburg, German preacher

 1404 - Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (born 1336)

 1466 - Donatello, Italian painter and sculptor (born 1386).

 1516 - Johannes Tritemi, German cryptographer and historian (born 1462).

 1521 - Manuel I of Portugal (1469).

 1557 - Nicole Fontana Tartaglia, Italian mathematician and engineer (born 1499).

 1565 - Konrad Gessner, Swiss botanist and physician (born 1516).

 1621 - Katarina Stanbok, Queen Gustav I of Sweden (born 1535)

 1671 - Antonio Grassi, Italian Roman Catholic priest (born 1592).

 1784 - Samuel Johnson, English poet and lexicographer (born 1709).

 1814 - Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne, Field Marshal of Belgium-Austria (born 1735).

 1862 - Thomas Reed Rootes Cobb, American general, lawyer and politician (born 1823).

 1868 - Karl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, German botanist and researcher (born 1794)

 1881 - August Senoa, Croatian author and poet (born 1838).

 1883 - Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (born 1812).

 1893 - George August Rudolf, German lawyer and politician, 3rd Mayor of Marburg (born 1816).

 1908 - Augustus Le Plongeon, French photographer and historian (born 1825).

 1919 - Voldemar Voigt, German physicist and academic (born 1850)

 1922 - Arthur Wesley Dow, American painter and photographer (born 1857)

 1924 - Samuel Gompers, born in England, leader of American workers, forms the American Federation of Labor (born 1850).

 1935 - Victor Grignard, French chemist and academician, Nobel Laureate (born 1871).

 1942 - Robert Robinson Taylor, American architect (born 1868)

 1944 - Vasily Kandinsky, Russian-French painter and theorist (born 1866).

 1945 - Irma Grese, German concentration camp guard (born 1923)

 1947 - Nikolai Rerich, Russian archaeologist, painter and philosopher (born 1874).

 1954 - John Raymond Hubbell, American director and composer (born 1879)

 1962 - Harry Barris, American songwriter and pianist (born 1905)

 1969 - Raymond A. Spruance, American admiral and diplomat, U.S. Ambassador to the Philippines (born 1886).

 1974 - Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoglu, Egyptian-Turkish journalist, author and politician (born 1889).

 1975 - Cyril Delevanti, Anglo-American actor (born 1889)

 1977 - Oguz Atay, Turkish engineer and author (born 1934).

 1979 - John Hall, American actor and director (1915)

 1983 - Alexander Schmemann, Estonian-American priest and theologian (born 1921)

 1983 - Nichita Stnescu, Romanian poet and critic (born 1933)

 1986 - Heather Angel, American American actress (born 1909)

 1986 - Ella Baker, American activist (born 1903)

 1992 - KC Irving, Canadian businessman (born 1899).

 1993 - Vanessa Duriyes, French author (born 1972)

 1995 - Ann Nolan Clark, American writer and teacher (born 1896)

 1997 - Don E. Fehrenbacher, American historian, author and academic (born 1920).

 1998 - Lev Gray, Ukrainian British impresario and media owner (born 1906).

 1998 - Richard Thomas, Royal Navy Officer (born 1922)

 2002 - Zal Yanovsky, Canadian songwriter and guitarist (born 1944).

 2003 - Maris Jaklais, Latvian poet and journalist (born 1940).

 2003 - William W. Roth, junior, American lawyer and politician (born 1921).

 2004 - Andre Rogers, Bahamas baseball player (born 1934)

 2005 - Stanley Williams, leader of the American gang, one of the founders of Crips (born 1953).

 2006 - Lamar Hunt, American businessman, founder of the American Football League and Tennis World Cup (born 1932).

 2007 - Mark Partridge, Rhodesian lawyer and politician (born 1922).

 2007 - Floyd Red Crow Westerman, American actor and activist (1936 T.).

 2008 - John Drake, New Zealand rugby player and journalist (born 1959)

 2010 - James Dibble, Australian journalist (1923)

 2010 - Richard Holbrooke, American journalist and diplomat, 22nd Ambassador of the United States to the United Nations (born 1941).

 2010 - Enrique Morente, Spanish songwriter (born 1942).

 2011 - Kabir Chodhuri, Bangladeshi author and academic (born 1923).

 2015 - John Bannon, Australian academic and politician, 39th Prime Minister of South Australia (born 1943).

 2015 - Peter Ryan, Australian journalist and author (born 1923).

 2016 - Thomas Shelling, American economist and teacher (born 1921).

 2016 - David Strangvey, Canadian geophysicist and university administrator (born 1934).

 2016 - Alan Tick, Canadian American actor and composer (born 1947).

 2017 - Warrel Dane, American singer (born 1961).

 2018 - Noah Klieger, Israeli journalist and Holocaust survivor (born 1926)

? Holidays?

● Academy Day (Academic Day)

● Christian holiday:

  • Sulcis antioxidant

  • Judo (Joys)

• National Day, 1979 marks the independence of St. Lucia from the United Kingdom.

• St. Lucy’s Day (mainly Scandinavia, some regions of Italy (e.g. Sicily, Veneto and Trentino), Malta, Hungary and Croatia).

• Odzas Alsace

  • December 13 (Eastern Orthodox Liturgy)

● Martyrs' Remembrance Day (Poland)

● Nanking Massacre Remembrance Day (China)

● Nusantara Day (Indonesia)

● Republic Day (Malta)

● Sailors' Day (Brazil)

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