October 20 is the day of celebration of the 2500th anniversary of the city of Khiva

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October 20 is the day of celebration of the 2500th anniversary of the city of Khiva
October 1997, 20 - A solemn ceremony dedicated to the 2500th anniversary of the city of Khiva. One of the largest cities of the khanate was Khiva. From the beginning of the XVII century until 1920 it was the capital of the Khiva khanate. The city of Khiva was called Khiva in ancient times. The popularity of Khiva can be explained by the fact that from the time of its construction it was a trade route connecting East and West. At the beginning of the XNUMXth century AD, Khiva was part of the Kharazm state and the Sassanid state of Iran. At the beginning of the XNUMXth century, due to changes in the Amudarya River, the khanate's capital, Urgench, became uncomfortable, and the khanate's capital was moved to Khiva. In the middle of the XNUMXth century, the city was destroyed by the armies of King Nadirshah of Iran, and later by the Yavkut tribe of the Turkmens. During the reign of Khiva khan Muhammad Amin Inak (1770–1790) the armies of the Yavmut tribe of the Turkmens were crushed and the city of Khiva was rebuilt. In the middle of the XIX century, during the reign of Khiva khan Allahqulikhon (1825 - 1842), the city was again surrounded by a strong wall. The length of the wall is 6 km. was The foundation of the memorial image of Khiva began in the late eighteenth century, and this work continued until the early twentieth century. The city's architectural ensemble is unique in Central Asia. Inside this ensemble was originally built Ichan Qala (ie inner fortress; shahristan). In the Ichan fortress there is a khan's palace, a residence of nobles, a mausoleum, a madrasa, mosques. The total area of ​​Ichan Castle is 26 hectares. The length of the wall is 2200 meters. There are two intersecting streets in the Ichan fortress. There are four gates on these streets. From these gates Dishan goes to the castle. Dishan fortress was inhabited by craftsmen, artisans, merchants and their rastas. Dishan fortress was 1250 meters long and had ten gates. The architectural monument in Khiva is the mausoleum of Sayid Aloviddin. This mausoleum was built in the XIV century. Also in Khiva there is an ancient arch, mosque, White Mosque, Three Saints Mausoleum, Shergozikhan Mausoleum, Allahqulikhon Caravanserai, Kutlug Murad Inoq Madrassah, Muhammad Amin Inoq Madrassah, 163-room Tashhovli Palace and other monuments built by Allahqulikhan. These are the architectural monuments of Khiva, which show the mastery of the masters of their profession - painters, stonemasons, wood carvers. All this testifies to the revival of Central Asian architecture in the late eighteenth and early eleventh centuries, especially in the architects of the Khiva Khanate.  Khiva is a famous city not only in Central Asia, but also in the world. Proof of this is the fact that in 1997, by the decision of UNESCO, the city celebrated its 2500th anniversary. Today's generation is justifiably proud of the cultural heritage of their ancestors. Another large city of the Khiva khanate is Old Urgench. It has been more than 2000 years since the city was founded. The city also developed rapidly due to its location at the crossroads of important caravan routes. The XNUMXth and XNUMXth centuries were not only the history of civil wars, civil wars, conflicts and crown disputes, but also the cultural life of the khanates. Even among the rulers who fought valiantly for the throne, for the strengthening of the central government, for the conquest of neighboring territories, there were rulers who were creative, patronized the people of science and literature, and created the history of their states. For example, Abdulakhon, Ubaydillokhan II, Subhonqulikhon; Khan of Khiva Abdulgozikhan; Kokand khan Umarkhan is one of them. The Uzbek language became the unifying force of the three khanate peoples in spiritual life. At the same time, Persian tii was also used in public administration. Uzbek and Persian languages ​​were used in social life. Traditionally, the Arabic language has played an important role in science and school. Madrassas have three levels (primary, secondary and higher), in which Arabic, Persian and Uzbek are perfectly taught. He also taught jurisprudence, arithmetic, handasa, astronomy, ethics, philosophy, antiquity, literature, geography, history and medicine. The celebration began at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. The theatrical performance, which took place on October 1997, 20 at the Ark Square in Khiva, is notable for its essence, historical and philosophical depth (author O. Matjon, director Rustam Hamidov, composer Rustam Abdullayev). In it, the history of the city is presented in generalized artistic scenic solutions. While the fierce and violent dances of the Queen of Massagets Tomaris, surrounded by riders, embody the struggle for the independence of the homeland, the unread pages of our history are revived in the legendary "Dance of Angels" based on the city of Khiva. The guests of Khiva - heads of ministries, departments and organizations, representatives of the diplomatic corps and international organizations, foreign countries took part in the festively decorated arch area. The eyes of the audience were amazed at the magic of the city, the excitement in their hearts: it was as if they were standing in the distance. The vibrant and attractive art of the people of Khorezm was once again displayed in the art panels.

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