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Recommended varieties of roses for planting: Black Magic, Papilon, Burgundian, Salvidor, Kulin Elizabeth, Moskovsky, President, Angelica, etc.
Preparation of seedlings. In mid-summer, half-cooked namatak is harvested, the pods are chopped and buried in the sand. Water is sprinkled for 3-4 days after burial. After 15–20 days, the buried moisture is removed from the sand, spread and dried.
The dried ones are sifted, separated from the sand, put in a cloth bag and stored in a shady and dry place. Namatak seeds are buried in November by mixing them with wet sand 25-30 cm thick. It is dug out of the sand on March 5-10, sifted and sown on the ground on 10-15 days. Sown seeds germinate in 20–25 days.
It will be sold by mid-May. Seedlings are cared for until grafting. It is time to graft on August 10–15. A healthy ripe eye branch of the rose is selected for grafting. 20-25 cm from the lower part of the flower in the eye-catching variety. cut leaving. The upper soft part of the cut branch is also cut off. The remaining healthy twigs are grafted to the namatak body. After 20–22 days after grafting, the bud emerges, gradually developing into a branch and giving its first flower after 9–10 months.
Selection of land for planting and land preparation. The area set aside for flower cultivation is flat and not very large (2-3o to) slope. The land is prepared in the fall. Giving organic fertilizers, cut at a depth of 20–30 cm. The soil is cleared of weeds, weeded and piled up. They should be shorter, 20–25 cm in height and 70 cm wide. The area is watered before planting. Seedlings are planted in the scheme 70 × 60 cm and 70 × 70 cm.
Planting. The best time to plant roses is spring. Before planting, the roots of the rose are inspected, the broken and crushed roots are cut off, and the remaining healthy roots are immersed in a slurry made of mud and cattle manure. For planting flower seedlings are dug a hole 30 × 30 cm wide and 30 cm deep. It is filled with deep water before planting. The tubers are planted a little deeper (3-4 cm) than in the nursery, with the welded side facing east. The weld should be 45-50 cm above the ground. To prevent moisture from rising, sprinkle 3-4 cm thick sawdust or fresh horse manure on the surface of the circular ditch. Long branches are cut and shortened. When pruning, four to six buds should be left for new branches to form. On the day of planting, each pit is filled with 6-8 kg of rotten manure mixed with soil. When agronomic measures are taken, up to 8-12 flowers can be obtained from the plant
Irrigation. In irrigation, the soil is irrigated 10-2 times every 3 days after germination. The bottom should not get wet after welding. Then the seedlings are watered 1 time per week.
Fertilization. Rose seedlings are fed mainly with local fertilizers.
Processing between rows. Processing is carried out 2–4 days after irrigation. Soil loosening is carried out 3–4 times in the early years. Row spacing is cut by hand to a depth of 10–15 cm and cleared of weeds.
Cutting the rose petals. Roses are mainly shrubbed in early spring. Shrub branches produce substitute branches for next year throughout the summer. Flowering roses are shrubs, leaving short. A few days before the ground freezes, the leaves on the rose bushes fall off completely. Excess branches are removed.
The soil is cut at a height of 40-50 cm around the neck of the bush. In this way the roses overwinter. In early spring, before the buds swell, the soil around the throat is removed, the top is opened, the root throat is cleaned, and damaged and broken, cold-cut branches are cut off.
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Disease and pest control. The syrup is sprayed by adding 20 g of anabasine or nicotine sulfate or 50 g of green soap to 10 l of water. Thiophos solution is sprayed against the spider. This solution is prepared by adding 10-5 g of thiophos to 6 l of water. A solution prepared by adding 10 g of parrot and 20 g of green soap to 200 liters of water is used against flour-dew disease. Roses are prone to rust. Sulfur is sprinkled against it.
Carnation
Recommended varieties for planting: Grenadines, Turkey, Holland, China and so on
Preparation of seedlings. Clove is propagated by rooting from the ground or by sowing seeds. Since clove is a perennial flower type, it has the ability to reproduce by removing buds from the side through the roots.
When sowing and propagating seeds, healthy, that is, ripe seeds are selected. The dried seeds are sprinkled on the ground soaked in water and the top of the seeds is covered thinly with soil. Sown seeds germinate in 10-15 days. Ready to sow in 50–60 days after germination.
Selection of land for planting and land preparation. Clove does not prefer soil, but prefers a healthy, fertile and granular soil, which contains a little lime. The soil is mowed by adding 4–5 kg of manure per square meter and 400–500 g of sand If the soil is sandy, soft, add 3–4 kg of manure per square meter.
50-60 cm in open areas. rows are prepared. To grow large-flowered carnations, a mixture of two parts loamy soil and two parts rotten leaves is prepared, to which sand is added, depending on how compacted the soil is.
Planting. Depending on the type and variety of cloves can be transplanted from May to June to August in a semi-sunny place. 25-30 cm in open areas. lines are prepared. Then 10-15 cm. honeycombs are prepared. In order to retain moisture, 2-3 cm thick wood chips are sprinkled around the bush. When planting flower seedlings in a permanent place 50 × 30 or 60 × 25 cm. schemes are selected. Liquid fertilizer has a good effect on cloves. To prepare the liquid fertilizer, 10 g of cattle manure is added to 20 liters of water.
After a good fermentation, the plant is initially watered once every six days, and after a while - twice with the same liquid manure. Liquid fertilizer is applied only when the buds begin to form. After making such a fertilizer, the plants are watered one or more times with clean water. With proper agronomic measures, 6-8 flowers can be obtained from a plant bush
Irrigation. Clove is watered 10–15 times every 2–3 days during the summer without fertilizing.
Fertilization. Clove is fed mainly with rotten manure in May and June.
Row spacing processing. Soil loosening is carried out 6–8 times in the first years. Row spacing is cut with a hoe at a depth of 10–12 cm using hand force. This work is carried out 2–4 days after watering. The flower garden is constantly cleaned of weeds.
Disease and pest control. Carnations are mainly prone to whiteflies and rust diseases. Sulfur and other chemical drugs are mainly sprayed against these diseases.
Gladiolus
Recommended varieties for planting: Blitssard, Goudville, Maria, Goretti, Oscar, and so on
Preparation of seedlings. Gladiolus flower grows mainly from onions. Onions are dug after the flowering period of the flower. This time coincides with the end of August and the beginning of September. The dug onions are dried and the large and healthy onions are separated.
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It is then placed in a bag and hung. Dried onions are planted in the open ground in spring, in April. Plucked onions germinate in 10–15 days and begin to bloom in June. In late August, gladiolus onions are dug up again.
Selection of land for planting and land preparation. Gladiolus grow well in fertilized sandy soil, sunny, protected from winds. For planting, water-resistant, sandy and loamy soils are selected. The field is plowed to a depth of 25-30 cm in the fall. In the spring, the ground is flattened in the husk, and the folds are lost.
Before planting gladiolus potato tubers, its dry peel is removed, then disinfected with a solution of formalin (1: 800). It is then washed in cold water and dried.
These onion-potatoes are planted in open nests or twigs in a shovel. To do this, the cells are first filled with a little sand. Onion-potatoes placed in nests and branches are buried with serous soil.
Planting. Depending on the size of the gladiolus bulb, the flower bed should be spaced 25 × 25 or 30 × 30 cm, 1 m2 25-30 large onions, 60 small onions and 120 small onions are planted.
When planting in large areas, the distance between rows should be 50-70 cm, the distance between bushes should be 25-30 cm. The bulb of the flower is first opened and pinned to the bud. Trim spacing is 5 cm. and 10 cm. will be up to. Onions are buried to a depth of 10–12 cm.
Care. In the summer it is weeded at least five or six times and the soil is loosened. For good growth of gladiolus, the soil is always kept moist.
Once the onion is pinched, it is drained until tender. Subsequent irrigations are carried out depending on the moisture escape from the bottom. In summer it is watered once every 15-20 days. Watering is stopped 20–25 days before digging onions.
It is especially useful to feed the plants with a solution of manure juice (manure) and mineral fertilizers. To prepare the buckwheat, a bucket of manure and four buckets of water are poured into a barrel and mixed well. After 6–8 days, the plant can be watered with a shovel. Before watering, add another 4-5 buckets of water in each bucket diluted bucket. The liquid is poured on the plants in the evening, on the ground.
In June-July, the plants are watered with nitrogen fertilizer or manure bucket, as described above, or with a solution prepared by adding 10–15 g of nitrate or ammonium sulfate per 20 liters of water. is removed. From mid-summer the plants are watered with a solution of superphosphate. This solution is prepared by adding 30–40 g of superphosphate to a bucket of water.
Disease and pest control. Gladiolus can be affected mainly by gray rot, dry rot, fusarium wilt or bacteriosis.
Measures are taken to prevent these diseases. Before transplanting onions are treated with formalin. To do this, 1-3 g of 4% formalin is added to 40 liter of water.
The solution is prepared in a wooden barrel. The onions are placed in a basket and soaked in the solution for 15 minutes. It is then collected in one place, covered with a bucket or tarpaulin, removed after two hours and planted immediately. Sick onions are not planted. Gladiolus flower should first be protected from insects and rust disease.
Chrysanthemum
Recommended varieties for planting: ordinary or single-stemmed chrysanthemum, Anemonosimon (bearberry) chrysanthemum, Naysimoi or nursimoi chrysanthemum, Japanese chrysanthemum, Chinese chrysanthemum, Popuksimon chrysanthemum, Ornamental chrysanthemum - a hybrid of the former, depending on the size of the flowers and small to large.
Preparation of seedlings. Chrysanthemums are propagated mainly by cuttings. To do this, the mother is taken from the seedling opened, ripe healthy twigs. The cuttings are cut into three joints from the cut healthy branch. The two leaves at the base of the cuttings are removed. The finished cuttings are soaked in carnation medicine for 1 hour. After removal from the carving, it is driven into the sand with a thickness of 10-15 cm. The distance between the cuttings is 1-2 cm. The top of the stuck cuttings is covered with cling film. This work is carried out mainly in May, June and September. After the cuttings take root, they are removed from the film and planted in open ground.
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