COMPUTER (brief information)

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Computer (visual computer - "counter"), EHM (Electronic Computing Machine) - a computing device designed to receive, process, store and output information according to a defined algorithm (computer program).

Computer (ing. computer - I think) - an automatic device that runs on a pre-defined program (program). Synonymous with computer. However, PC (hereinafter abbreviated K. its function is much broader than the performance of computational work. In the development of computers K. Several generations of These generations differ in the types of elements, design and technological features, logical structure, software, technical details, ease of use of equipment. In the first generation of K. (Ural-1, Minsk-2, BSEM-2) the main element was an electronic lamp, so it occupied a very large place. Later, transistors were used instead of this lamp. (Razdan-2, M-220, Minsk-22, etc.), integrated circuits used K. (IBM-360, 1BM-370, (USA), YESEVM (Russia) and others, with individual circuits with a high degree of integration, appeared. Personal K. (micro and -micro exposure) began to become widespread in the late 20s. In later generations of the individual K. microelectrons and biocircuits were used; their size is reduced to the size of a book, and their mass is reduced to 3,5 kg. In 1981, IBM (IBM) began producing more advanced models of the personal K. Later, other firms introduced K., which was attached to a PC with IBM, and Apple's K., which was called Macintosh ("Macintosh") or simply "maki". created. At the beginning of the 21st century, there were tens of millions of people in the world. personal Ks, about 1 million computers (including several dozen supercomputers). K.s differ from each other in terms of composition and description of the components (components) used to solve problems. K. is a powerful device for solving complex problems, and K. is a device for printing documents. Any K. system unit, monitor, and keyboard. Other devices can be connected as needed. The system block contains the essential parts (disk drive, hard disk drive, logic chips) that are necessary for the operation of K., and the remaining devices are connected to it. Monitor {display) displays information in the form of text and various images on the screen. The keyboard enters commands and various information to K. Often, K. includes a "mouse" manipulator and a printer. A "mouse" is a device with two or three buttons. simplifies the work. The printer is used to print information. Modern Ks consist mainly of four devices: control, processor, memory, and I / O. The control device coordinates and controls the operation of all K. devices. The processor is K.'s main device, processing information, that is, performing arithmetic-logical operations such as computational operations, comparison, and transmission. The actions that this device performs are determined by software. A memory device serves to store information during processing. The programs you use are stored in the internal memory, long-term information is stored in the external memory (floppy disks).