The ancient Greek word "athletics" means wrestling in Uzbek. In ancient Greece, people who competed in strength and agility were called athletes.
YeThe name athletics is conditional and is based solely on the fact that, on the surface, athletics exercises seem lighter than weightlifting exercises.
Athletics consists of five sections: walking, running, jumping, throwing and wrestling.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ATHLETICS
Walking is a simple way to move a person from place to place and is a great exercise for people of all ages.
When walking long and straight, almost all the muscles in the body work, the activity of the contours, respiratory and other systems in the body increases, resulting in increased metabolism.
Exercise, as well as regular walking, is primarily health-promoting. A person is taught to walk in early childhood. But this is not enough, all people need to be able to walk properly, beautifully and economically. In addition to normal walking, there are other types of walking: walking on a leash, walking in a line and walking in sports.
The most technically difficult, but the most useful type of walking in competitions is athletic walking. His speed is twice as fast as a normal walk, but to achieve such a speed, it is not enough to learn the basics of athletic walking techniques, but to do more intensive work than a normal walk, that is, increase energy expenditure. For this reason, walking has a significant effect on the athlete's body, strengthens his internal organs and systems, increases their ability to work, has a positive effect on the development of strength and endurance, teaches to be strong-willed. Therefore, mature fast walkers are very hardy.
Walking The competition is held on stadium sidewalks (counterclockwise) and ordinary sidewalks (on highways, city streets) at a distance of 3 km to 50 km. In a walking competition, participants must follow the characteristics of the walking technique specified in the rules.
The most important thing is not to allow both legs to fall off the ground at the same time, even for a moment. If there is an opportunity for one of the legs not to touch the ground, the athlete is considered to have passed from walking to running. Athletes who violate this rule will be disqualified by special judges.
Running - is a natural way to move from place to place, it is a common type of physical exercise and is part of many sports (football, basketball, etc.).
Many types of running are an organic part of different types of athletics. When running, the demand for the whole organism is much higher than when walking, because when you run, almost all the muscle groups in the body are activated, the activity of the cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems increases, metabolism increases significantly. Depending on the ability of the trainees, varying the amount of work by varying the length of the distance and the running speed can affect the development of a person’s endurance, agility, and other qualities. For example, not so fast, but long-distance running (in the woods or in the park) is of great hygienic importance, and it is one of the best means of well-being. Running at high speeds increases the demand on athletes, especially their cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and serves as a great tool to develop endurance.
Running at very high speeds, on the other hand, is part of speed development training.
In the process of running, a person's will is strengthened, the ability to distribute the power of the face, to overcome obstacles, to be open, to be on the ground is formed.
Running is one of the main means of physical development in every way. That is why a lot of attention is paid to running in the training of athletes of all specialties, as well as in other sports, as well as the share of running as a means of active recreation, fitness and ability to work.
Running is the most popular physical exercise of all types of athletics. Athletics competitions are dominated by a variety of running and relay races, which are also very popular with spectators. That’s why running races are one of the most powerful propaganda tools.
There are several ways to run in athletics: straight running, cross-country running, relay running, and running in natural conditions.
Smooth running is carried out for a certain distance or temporarily on the treadmill (counterclockwise). When running distances of 400 m and less, a separate sidewalk is provided for each runner. The rest of the run will be on the common sidewalk. The time taken to cover the specified distance is measured with a stopwatch. Running through the tusslesThere are two types of: 1. Running over cows - in this case, running on a treadmill at a distance of 60 m to 400 m, overcoming the same type of obstacles at the same distance from each other; each athlete runs on the sidewalk separately.
3000m to run over obstacles (stipl'-chez) - in this case, the runner runs through the water filled with a hole dug in one of the sectors of the stadium, over the barriers, which are firmly established here and there.
Relay race - in this case they run as a team; the more runners there are in a team, the more the distance is divided into stages. The goal of a relay race is to pass the baton to each other as fast as possible from start to finish. The interval between the stages is the same (short and medium distance) or different (mixed distance). The relay race is held on the sidewalks of the stadium, and sometimes on the city streets.
Jump - is a natural way to overcome obstacles and is characterized by a maximum increase in nerve and muscle strength in a short time. During the jumping training, the athletes' ability to control their body, to gather their strength, strength, speed, agility and courage increase.
Jumping is one of the best exercises to strengthen the leg and body muscles and build jumping, which is necessary not only for athletes, but also for representatives of other sports, especially basketball players, volleyball players and players.
Athletic jumping is divided into two types:
a) high jump and anchor jump;
b) long jump and triple jump.
The results obtained in the jump are measured in meters and centimeters.
Throw - long-range throwing and throwing exercises. Throwing is characterized by a short period of time - the maximum of neuromuscular tension. Not only the pelvic floor, shoulder girdle and body muscles, but also the leg muscles are actively involved.
In order to throw athletics projectiles at a distance, it is necessary to have a high level of strength, speed, agility and strength.
Athletics are divided into three types depending on the method of execution:
a) thrower from the back of the head (spear and grenade);
b) rotation (disk, press);
c) leakage (core).
Kupkurash - includes various types of running, jumping and throwing. Kupkurash is named according to the number of species: uchkurash, turtkurash, beshkurash, altikurash, sakkizkurash, unkurash. The main types of wrestling are for men - wrestling, for women - wrestling, for aspirin - wrestling, wrestling. Kupkurash competitions are held for two days.
There are very high requirements for wrestlers. In addition to being technically skilled, they must be as fast as a sprinter, as strong as a thrower, as fast as a jumper, and as agile, as bold as a cowboy, and as resilient as a middle-distance runner. The full implementation of the multi-wrestling program, in general, requires excellent endurance and a high level of developed willpower.
