SSL Certificate: Its Necessity, Types and Capabilities

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Today, information security is one of the most important issues in the world. How can you protect your web resource from corruption and disclosure? What is an SSL certificate? What is the difference between HTTPS and HTTP? In this article you will find clear answers even if you have no special knowledge.

Contents SSL Protocol SSL certificate HTTP and HTTPS: what is the difference Types of SSL certificates Confirm domain ownership

SSL protocol

Secure Sockets Layer - A protocol used by various resources to protect data on the Internet. Guaranteed guest connection to a secure server. When using SSL, the data is sent in encrypted form via HTTPS, which can be encrypted with a special key. You do not have to decrypt your data when transferring over the HTTP protocol. To work with the SSL protocol, you must install the appropriate SSL certificate.

SSL certificate

This is a unique digital signature of the site. It is necessary for all organizations that collect and store personal information electronically on a server to collect logs and collect data.

An SSL certificate includes:

information of the certificate holder;
the domain name of the site;
address of the certificate holder;
validity period;
details of the certification body (CA).
The signature of the site confirms the ownership of the domain of the operating company and the legality of the use of the secret key.

HTTP and HTTPS: what is the difference

HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Security) is an advanced HTTP that uses encryption. Data transmitted over HTTP is added to the TLS protocol and transmitted over port 80. It uses a standard HTTPS 443 port and an encrypted SSL protocol.

To manage HTTPS connections on a web server, you must install the received certificate on the site. It consists of two parts (key) - private and public. The public key encrypts traffic from the client to the server and serves to decrypt the traffic on the server from the private client. After creating private and public keys in CA, a query is created based on the public key.

Types of SSL certificates

Domain verification. Certificates with domain management. Get the most popular protection level in the world. Certificates are issued within 5-10 minutes. No supporting documents are required. Suitable for small sites and projects.

Icheck Certificates with company inspection. Used by organizations that gain the trust of customers. The CA will conduct more rigorous inspections, including requiring the company to submit documents and call the organization before issuing the certificate.

Extended confirmation. Extended approved certificates, providing the site with a green address bar. In most cases, financial institutions have online systems that have a large number of visitors.

Wildcard. Certificates supporting subdomains. It has the ability to protect all subdomains on any number of servers.

Confirm domain ownership

Regardless of the type of certificate selected, you must confirm its ownership. This can be done in many ways.

by email. The CA sends a letter containing a link to confirm the domain. Your letter can be sent to one of the five addresses specified in your domain or "golden": administrator @, admin @, hostmaster @, webmaster @, postmaster @;
Using a DNS account. If a mail server is configured, private registration restricts mailings to Whois. You need to create a DNS record and the CA will test it. The process is automatic;
using a txt file. The user is provided with a file uploaded to the server. CA checks their site to the site. The process is done automatically.