On March 1394, 23, a baby was born in the city of Sultaniya, where he had the honor of participating in the march of his grandfather Amir Temur. He was the eldest son of Shahrukh Mirza and his grandfather named him Muhammad Taragay. He was later called Ulugbek. After the death of his grandfather Amir Temur in 1405, the throne of Samarkand was given to Ulugbek in 1409. Ulugbek's childhood was spent in the military campaigns of Amir Temur. Timur died in early 1405 during the beginning of the march to China. For four years after his death, the struggle for the throne continued among his children. His father, Shahrukh Mirza, moved to the troubled part of the country, making Herat his capital. Ulugbek became governor at the age of 17 and, unlike his grandfather, did not fight for the throne. While in power, he promoted science, built madrassas, and sponsored scholars. For 40 years he was a great king, a great mathematician, an astronomer. He built an observatory, examined the stars, made a scheme, created a star map called "Ziji Kuragoniy" and left a great legacy for future generations. It can be assumed that the astrologer as Ulugbek's mentor was Mawlana Ahmad. He was the greatest scientist in Timur's palace, and compiled tables of the calendars of the planets for the next two hundred years. But Ulugbek mentions Qazizada Rumi as his mentor in his work Ziji Kuragoni. From an early age, Ulugbek grew up under the influence of Mawlana Ahmad and Qazizada Rumi. That is why Ulugbek is known as a great scientist at the age of twenty. Due to his special respect for science, the scientist built new educational institutions - schools and madrasas. At the same time, he opened three madrassas in Bukhara, Gijduvan and Samarkand. Construction of the madrasah in Samarkand began in 1417 and was completed in three years. Soon this madrasa will begin to gather teachers and scholars. Thus, the school in Samarkand was formed. The number of scientists who came to Samarkand from different cities of Movaraunnahr and Khorasan in 1417 exceeded 100 people. Among them were writers, historians, calligraphers, painters, architects. Among them, Qazizada and Kashi were the most powerful and influential. The opening ceremony of the Samarkand madrasah took place in 1420. Mirzo Ulugbek Madrasah became a great event in the history of science and culture of the East. Abdurahman Jami also received his primary education at this madrasa. The sciences that received special attention in this scientific space were the sciences related to astronomy. In 1424, the construction of an observatory for the study of stars in general, and the construction of an observatory for stars, began, and it was completed in 1429. Despite being a great scientist, Ulugbek wrote only four scientific works. Much of his time was spent on matters related to public affairs. The most famous work of Ulugbek is "Ziji Jadidi Koragoniy". There is also a treatise on mathematics "Determining the sine of a degree" and a treatise on stars "Risolai Ulugbek". The only copy of this work is kept in the library of Aligarh University of India. He also has a work on history, "Tarihi arba 'ulus" (Uzbek translation of this work was published in 1990 in Tashkent). Although Ulugbek's work "Ziji Koragoniy" continues the tradition of astrology, which began in the VIII-IX centuries, it is distinguished by a much higher scientific level than them. The throne, the lust for riches, surrounded the inextinguishable star with black clouds. Ulugbek died tragically on October 1449, 27 as a result of the misunderstanding of his son Abdulatif. But Padarkush Abdullatif is also killed by his navkars in less than six months. Ulugbek's work did not end. His works were preserved by his students Ali Kushchi and Chalabi, and his work was completed. As a result of the services of Ali Kushchi, who lived and worked in Istanbul, Ulugbek and his works were distributed in Europe. His scientific works became known and spread all over the world. The works of "Ziji" and "History of the Four Nations" are enjoyed by scientists around the world.
