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Sa’d ibn Rabi’

DO`STLARGA ULASHING:

Islom olamida munosib o‘ringa ega bo‘lgan bu sahobaning to‘liq ismi Sa’d ibn Rabi’ ibn Umar (ba’zi manbalarda ibn Amr) ibn Abu Zuhayr ibn Molik ibn Imrul Qays  ibn Molik ibn Sa’laba ibn Ka’b Xazrajiy Ansoriy bo‘lib, tug‘ilgan sanasi ma’lum emas.
Sa’d (roziyallohu anhu) qabilasining o‘qimishli, bosiq va mulohazali, so‘zga chechan kishilaridan edi. Ayniqsa, uning saxovati cheksiz edi. Musulmonlar Madinaga ko‘chib kelganlaridan so‘ng Rasululloh (sollallohu alayhi va sallam)ning amalga oshirgan ahamiyatli ishlaridan biri – muhojir va ansorlar o‘rtasida do‘stlik rishtalarini bog‘lash bo‘ldi. Sa’d (roziyallohu anhu)ni Abdurahmon ibn Avf (roziyallohu anhu) bilan do‘stlashtirib qo‘ydilar. Shu bois Abdurahmon ibn Avf (roziyallohu anhu)­ga sidqidildan bog‘landi. Bu yo‘lda mol-davlatini ham qurbon qilishdan toymadi. Hatto bir kuni do‘stiga Madinada eng boy odam ekanini, xohlagan narsasini berishga tayyorligini aytdi.
Abdurahmon ibn Avf unga minnatdorlik bildirib: “Alloh moling va bola-chaqangga baraka bersin, sen yaxshisi menga bozorning qaerdaligini ko‘rsatib qo‘y”, dedi. Sa’d Abdurahmonga bozorni ko‘rsatib qo‘ydi. Abdurahmon tijoratini boshlab yubordi…
Alloh taolo hazrat Sa’d va u kabilar haqida ushbu oyatni nozil qildi: «U(muhojir)lardan avval bu joy (Madina)­da yashagan va imonga (ixlos qilganlar). Ular yurtlariga hijrat qilib kelganlarni sevarlar va ularga berilgan narsalarga qalblarida hasad qilmaslar. Va gar o‘zlarining hojatlari bo‘lsa ham, (ularni) o‘zlaridan ustun qo‘yarlar. Kim o‘z naf­sining baxilligidan saqlansa, undoq kishilar, ha, o‘shalar yutuvchilardir» (Hashr, 9). Bu oyatda ansorlarning insoniyat tarixida misli ko‘rilmagan saxovatlari va odamgarchiliklari zikr etilgan.
Hijriy uchinchi sana. Shavvol oyining yettinchi kuni, shanba tongi (milodiy 625 yil 22 mart). Uhud voqeasi kuni. Sahobalar orasida Xazraj qabilasining boshliqlaridan bo‘lgan Sa’d (roziyallohu anhu) ko‘rinmas edi. Bundan xavotirga tushgan Rasululloh (sollallohu alayhi va sallam) unga nima bo‘lganini bilish uchun odam yubordilar. Yaradorlar orasida Sa’d ibn Rabi’ ham bor edi. Payg‘ambar (alayhissalom) uni eslab izlatganlarini eshitgach, benihoya ta’sirlanib ketdi. «Rasululloh (sollallohu alayhi va sallam)­ga salomimni yetkaz va u zotga Sa’d ibn Rabi’: “Alloh biror payg‘ambarni ummati nomidan yaxshilik bilan mukofotlasa, Sizni o‘shaning afzali bilan mukofotlasin!” deb aytgin. Qavmimga aytinglar, Rasulullohga bergan ahdida qattiq tursin. Xudoning nomi bilan qasamyod qilamanki, agar va’dasida turishmasa, u dunyoda mening yuzimga qarasholmaydi», dedi. So‘ng u vafot etdi. Rasululloh (sollallohu alayhi va sallam)ga uning xabarini yetkazishdi.
Jobir ibn Abdulloh (roziyallohu anhu) rivoyat qiladi: Bir ayol ikki qizini olib kelib: “Yo Rasululloh, bular Sa’d ibn Rabi’ning qizlari. U Uhudda o‘ldirilgan. Qizlarning amakisi ularning moli va merosiga ega chiqdi. Qizlarga hech narsa bermadi. Shunga nima deysiz? Allohga qasamki, ular mol-mulklari bo‘lsagina erga tegishlari mumkin”, dedi. Shu voqeadan so‘ng meros oyatlari nozil bo‘ldi: «Alloh farzandlaringizga (meros taqsimida) bir o‘g‘il uchun ikki qiz ulushi barobarida (berishni) buyuradi. Agar (merosxo‘rlar) ikkidan ortiq ayol bo‘lsa, ularga (marhum) qoldirgan narsaning uchdan ikkisi, agar yakka qiz bo‘lsa, unga (merosning) yarmi (berilur). Agar (marhumning) farzandi bo‘lsa, ota-onasining har biriga qoldirgan narsa (meros)ning oltidan biri (berilur)…» (Niso, 11).
Rasululloh (sollallohu alayhi va sallam) menga: “Ayol va hamrohlarini chaqirib kel”, dedilar. Qizlarning amakisiga: “Ikkala qizga merosning uchdan ikki qismini ber, onasiga sakkizdan birini ber, qolgani senga”, dedilar.
Hazrat Umar (roziyallohu anhu) Abu Bakr (roziyallohu anhu)ning oldiga kirganida u Sa’d ibn Rabi’ning kichik qizalog‘ini ko‘tarib, uni o‘pib turgandi. Hazrat Umar (roziyallohu anhu) qizchaning kimligini so‘raganida Abu Bakr (roziyallohu anhu): “Bu bizdan yaxshiroq bo‘lgan kishi Sa’d ibn Rabi’ning qizidir. U Aqaba kuni vakillardan biri bo‘lgan”, deb javob berdi.
Abdulmalik ibn Hishomning “As-Siyratun Nabaviya”, Sa’d Yusuf Abdu Azizning “Rijalun va Nisa havlar Rasul” kitoblari asosida Saydullo Tohirov tayyorladi | Hidoyat.uz

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