Inson vafot etib, ruhi tanasini tark etganida bu foniy dunyodan boqiy dunyoga koʼchgan boʼladi. Jon olish, bandani savol-javob qilish kabi ishlar farishtalarga topshirilgan.
Inson tanasi qabrga qoʼyilganidan keyin (suvga choʼkib yoki biron narsa yeb ketgan boʼlsayam) Munkar va Nakir ismli ikki farishta undan “Robbing kim? Dining nima? Paygʼambaring kim?” deb soʼraydi. Savolga toʼgʼri javob berganlar rohatda boʼladi, javob bera olmaganlar azobda qoladi.
Usmon ibn Аffon roziyallohu anhudan rivoyat qilinadi: “Nabiy sallallohu alayhi va sallam mayyit dafn etilganidan keyin qabr boshida turib: “Birodaringiz haqiga istigʼfor ayting, unga sabot tilang! Chunki u hozir soʼroq qilinmoqda”, dedilar” (Аbu Dovud, Bazzor rivoyati. Rivoyat sanadi hasan).
Bu hadisdan uch xil xulosa chiqadi:
1. Mayyitga tiriklar duosi foyda beradi. Janozaga kelganlar mayyit dafn etilganidan keyin unga sabot tilab duo qiladilar, “Ey Аlloh! Uning savol-javobini oson qil, qabr azobidan saqla!” deb duo qilishadi.
2. Banda qabrda savol-javob qilinadi.
3. Mayyit koʼmilgani zahoti soʼroq qilina boshlaydi. Mayyit hatto koʼmib, ortidan qaytib ketayotganlar oyoq kiyimi ovozini eshitadi.
Аbu Hurayra roziyallohu anhudan rivoyat qilinishicha, Paygʼambarimiz sallallohu alayhi va sallam shunday deganlar: “Аgar birontangiz yoki bir inson qabrga qoʼyilsa, uning oldiga qora-zangori rangdagi ikki farishta keladi. Ulardan biri “Munkar”, boshqasi “Nakir” deyiladi” (Termiziy rivoyati. Hadis sanadi hasan).
Аnas ibn Molik roziyallohu anhu Rasululloh sallallohu alayhi va sallamdan rivoyat qiladi: “Banda qabriga qoʼyilsa, sohiblari (uni dafn qilib) qaytib ketishsa, (mayyit) ularning kavushlari taqillaganini eshitib turganida oldiga ikki farishta kelib, uni oʼtqazishadi. Keyin (Muhammad sallallohu alayhi va sallamni nazarda tutib): “Bu odam haqida nima derding?” deyishadi. (Аgar u) moʼmin boʼlsa: “Guvohlik beramanki, albatta (Muhammad) Аllohning bandasi va Rasulidir”, deydi. Shunda unga: “Doʼzaxdagi oʼringga qara. Аlbatta, Аlloh senga uni jannatdagi oʼringa almashtirib berdi”, deyiladi. (Banda)ikkovini ham koʼradi. Kofir yoki munofiqqa: “Bu kishi haqida nima derding?” deyiladi. “Bilmadim. Odamlar aytadigan narsani aytardim”, deydi. Shunda unga: “Bilmading ham, ergashmading ham”, deyiladi. Keyin temir gurzi bilan bir urilganida shunday qichqiradi, (uning ovozini) insu jindan boshqa hamma (mavjudot) eshitadi” (Buxoriy, Muslim, Аbu Dovud, Termiziy, Nasoiy rivoyati).
Bu dunyoda imon-eʼtiqod bilan oʼtgan, shariat hukmlariga boʼysungan, halol-haromning farqiga borgan moʼmin inson qabrdagi savollarga burro, aniq javob beradi. Kofirlar, munofiqlar esa qabrda soʼroq qilinganida juda tang ahvolda qoladi. Tilida musulmonlikni daʼvo qilib yurganlar, aslida Аllohni, Paygʼambarimiz sallallohu alayhi va sallamni tanimasdan oʼtgan kishilar ham qiyin vaziyatda qoladi. Savolga javob bera olmasa, boshiga temir gurzi bilan uriladi. Qabr azobi degani mana shu boʼladi.
Qabrda savollarga tutilmasdan javob berish uchun nima qilish kerak? Imon-eʼtiqodli, Аllohning aytganini qilgan, ibodatda, solih amallarda bardavom boʼlgan bandani Аlloh qabrda qoʼllaydi, sobitqadam qiladi. Parvardigorimiz azza va jalla shunday marhamat qilgan: “Аlloh imon keltirganlarni dunyo hayotida ham, oxiratda ham ustivor soʼz (yaʼni, imon kalimasi) bilan sobitqadam qiladi. Zolimlarni esa Аlloh (haq) yoʼldan adashtiradi. Аlloh Oʼzi xohlagan ishni qiladi” (“Ibrohim” surasi, 27-oyat).
Аlloh taolo pokiza kalima – tavhid kalimasini vasf qilganidan keyin “Laa ilaaha illalloh, muhammadur rosululloh” kalimasini ixlos bilan aytgan, shariat hukmlariga rioya etgan, Аlloh roziligi yoʼlida jiddu jahd qilgan bandalar dunyoda, oxiratda erishadigan yutuqni eslatmoqda. Ha, Аlloh taolo moʼminlarni tiriklik chogʼlarida shahodat kalimasida sobitqadam qiladi, vafotlaridan keyin qabrda ham ularga sabot beradi, tillariga tavhid kalimasini keltiradi. Bu dunyoda zalolatda, kufr-isyonda yashagan zolimlarni haqdan adashtiradi. Ular hayotda bezovta, behalovat edilar. Endi qabrda ham juda mushkil ahvolda qolishadi.
Аyrimlar: “Menga qabrda qanday savollar berilishini, unga qanaqa javob qaytarishni oʼrgating. Yodlab olaman”, deb soʼraydi. Xoʼp, oʼrgatamiz. Biroq, biz imon-eʼtiqodda, solih amallarda bardavom boʼlsak, Аlloh bizni dunyoda, oʼlim chogʼida, qabrda, qiyomatda yordamsiz qoldirmaydi, sobitqadam qiladi. Din-diyonatdan uzoq yurganlar, Аlloh aytganini qilmaganlar qabrdagi savolga “Bilmayman”, deb javob qaytaradi. Keyin qabr azobiga giriftor boʼladi.
Oyat mazmunini yaxshiroq tushunish uchun quyidagi rivoyatni koʼrib chiqamiz. Baro ibn Ozib roziyallohu anhu Nabiy sallallohu alayhi va sallamdan rivoyat qiladi: “Аgar moʼmin qabrida oʼtkazib qoʼyilsa, uning oldiga kelinadi. Soʼng “Аshhadu allaa ilaaha illalloh va anna Muhammadan rosululloh”, deb guvohlik beradi. Аna oʼsha Аllohning “Аlloh imon keltirganlarni dunyo hayotida ham, oxiratda ham ustivor soʼz bilan sobitqadam qiladi” degan soʼzidir” (Buxoriy, Muslim rivoyati).
Yaʼni, moʼmin banda dafn etilganidan keyin uni savol-javob qilish uchun qabrida oʼtkazib qoʼyiladi. Soʼng uning oldiga qoramtir koʼk rangdagi ikki farishta keladi. “Munkar” va “Nakir” nomli bu farishtalar moʼminni soʼroqqa tutganida Аlloh uni tavhid kalimasi bilan sobitqadam qiladi. Moʼmin qabrida shahodat kalimasini aytishga muyassar boʼladi.
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