Вы сейчас просматриваете Li Shan-In. Hikmatli mansuralar

Li Shan-In. Hikmatli mansuralar

DO`STLARGA ULASHING:

Xitoy tarixida Tan sulolasi davrida yashab o‘tgan adib Li Shan-in (813-858) ijodida hikoyalar bilan birga qisqa qaydlar, aforizmlar ham keng o‘rin tutgan. Hayotiy tajriba, poetik kuzatishlar bu adibga zamona voqeliklarini butun rang-barangliklari, ekzotikasi, bo‘yoqlari bilan jozibali va ixcham shakllarda tasvirlash imkonini berdi. Shuning uchun ham uning mitti asarlarida o‘rta asrlardagi Xitoy adabiyoti, odob-axloq me’yorlari, xalqning turli qatlamlarining kayfiyati o‘zining to‘la ifodasini topa oldi. Uning aforis­tik ko‘z qarashlarida ham, fikr-mulohazalarida ham shu kabi jihatlar aniq ko‘rinib turadi. Quyida adibning ana shunday ixcham shaklda ifoda qilingan fikr-mulohazalaridan namunalarni e’tiboringizga havola qilayotirmiz.
Aslo qaytib kelmagay:
– xo‘jayinning uyida nimadir o‘g‘irlagan mehmon;
– aslzoda xonadonga yuborilgan oqibatsiz xizmatkor;
– qo‘lingda tayoq ushlab turganingni ko‘rgan it.
Saylab o‘tirmaydi:
– och odam oldiga badhazm ovqat qo‘ysang;
– yurib charchagan kishi qirchang‘i otlarni ko‘rsa;
– shoshib daryodan o‘tmoqchi bo‘lgan odam sohilda kemalarni ko‘rsa;
– to‘satdan boshlangan sharros yomg‘irdan qochmoqchi bo‘lgan kishi kapalarni ko‘rsa.
Yaramaydi:
– sababini aytmay bolani do‘pposlash;
– kimgadir hurmat-izzat ko‘rsataman deb haddan oshiq mulozamat qilish;
– yilning issiq kunida quyosh kuydirib turgan chog‘ hosil terishga borish.
O‘xshashlik:
– poytaxtdagi amaldor qovoqqa o‘xshaydi: o‘sayotgani bilinmaydi;
– amaldorning muhri chaqaloqqa o‘xshaydi: o‘zing bilan mudom olib yurishga majbursan;
– muzofotdagi amaldor arslonga o‘xshaydi: nima ish qilmasin, xalq yurak hovuchlab turadi.
Aqlli bo‘lib ko‘rinish g‘alatidir, chunki:
– she’riyatni tushunadigan ayol g‘iybatlarga sabab bo‘ladi;
– sharob chashnagiri bo‘lgan buddaviy rohib ichgan qasamini buzib qo‘yadi;
– o‘qish-yozishni biladigan, savodxon xizmatkor xato qilib, xo‘jayinidan gap eshitadi.
Bosh changallab qolasan:
– qorning og‘rib turganda mazali taom berishsa;
– quduq qaziyotganda chiqindi o‘raga duch kelsang;
– amaldorning qabulida o‘tirganda birdan kuraging qichiy boshlasa;
– sendan yaxshilik ko‘rgan kambag‘al qarindoshing qayta-qayta kelaversa.
O‘ziga o‘xshamay qoladi:
– imtihon mavzularini yodlay olmayotgan o‘quvchi;
– azada yig‘lamayotgan go‘yanda;
– idishlarni yuvishda xo‘jayinning foydasini ko‘zlamay qo‘ygan oqsoch ayol;
– mehmonlarni kuzataman deb uydan chiqib ketgan xo‘jayin;
– o‘quvchilarining mashq va bilimlarini tekshirmaydigan muallim.
Davlatmandlik va zodagonlik belgilari:
– erib oqqan shamlar;
– kashtan va olma po‘choqlari;
– Lichji qobiqlari*;
– baland ovozda kitob mutolaa qilish va musiqa ovozi;
– ayol boshidan sirg‘alib tushib qolgan oltin to‘g‘nag‘ich.
Agar shunday desang, odamlarni aldaysan:
– alkimyo odamlarga boylik keltiradi;
– qo‘shni viloyat amaldorlari vijdonan ishlaydi.
Ko‘nglingga yoqmay turar:
– o‘tmas pichoqni ishlatish;
– kiyimingning yirtiq joyidan o‘tgan shamol;
– go‘zal manzarani to‘sib tebranayotgan daraxt.
Naqadar og‘irdir eshitmoq:
– bozordagilarning janjalini;
– tul qolgan juvonning yig‘isini;
– mo‘ysafid otaning o‘g‘li jasadi ustidagi yo‘qlovini;
– imtihondan yiqilgan kishining chumchuqday chirqillashini;
– motam mahalida quvnoq musiqani.
Ahmoqona ibratlar:
– mehmon bo‘lib o‘tirib, janjal chiqarish;
– o‘zgalar suhbatiga burun tiqish;
– begona odamning to‘shagiga poyabzal bilan chiqish;
– qaynota-qaynonang oldida behayo latifa aytish.
Alam qilar ekan:
– muhtaram arbobni uyingga chorlaganingda, u kelmay qolsa;
– chaqirilmagan, yoqimsiz mehmon uyingga kirib kelsa;
– bozorda narsalar arzon sotilayotganda cho‘ntagingda hemiri bo‘lmasa;
– ziyofatda dushmaning bilan yonma-yon o‘tirib qolsang.
Qashshoq bo‘lishing turgan gap, agar:
– xotining yalqov bo‘lsa;
– erta yotib, kech tursang;
– qimor va sharobxo‘rlikni xush ko‘rsang;
– bir joyda qo‘nim topmay, ko‘chib yuraversang;
– qimmatbaho buyumlarni zavq ustida sotib olaversang.
Albatta, boyib ketasan, agar:
– hamma ishning qalovini topsang;
– go‘zal narsani ko‘rib, shunga o‘xshashga harakat qilsang;
– huda-behudaga qarz ko‘taravermasang;
– uydagi ayollar ahil bo‘lsa.
U aqlli, qobildir:
– o‘zini tuta bilsa;
– sirni saqlay olsa;
– donoga hamsuhbat bo‘lsa;
– ishga kirishayotib, xatolardan ogoh bo‘lsa;
– mast bo‘lib olib, og‘ziga kelganini gapiravermasa;
– moziyni tushunib, zamonani yaxshi anglasa;
– saxovatni unutmasa;
– yangi joyga borganda urf-odatini surishtirib bilib olsa;
– bilmaydiganini o‘rganishdan or qilmasa;
– nodon bilan o‘chakishmasa.
O‘g‘lingni o‘rgat:
– bobolarning yaxshi ishlariga;
– so‘z berdimi – bajarishga;
– halollik va hayolilikka;
– olti san’at turini mukammal bilishga**;
– dunyoga keng qarashga;
– sobit irodali bo‘lishga;
– bir ishga kirishar bo‘lsa, obdon o‘rganishga.
Qizingni o‘rgat:
– ayollar bajaradigan ishlarga;
– muloyimlik va hurmat-ehtiromga;
– o‘qish va hisob-kitobga;
– ehtiyotkorlikka;
– o‘ziga qarab yurishga (ozodalikka);
– g‘iybatga berilmaslikka;
– xizmatkorlarni hurmat qilishga.
O‘zingni tiy:
– taqillatmasdan begona uyga kirishdan;
– begona kishining sandig‘ini titish, xatini o‘qishdan;
– xo‘jayin ovqatga qo‘l uzatmasdan turib, tanovul qilishdan;
– nimanidir olish uchun dasturxonga chiqishdan.
Bular befoydadir:
– masalaning mohiyatiga yetmasdan boshqalarni urishish;
– o‘rinsiz taqlid qilish;
– bolalarga to‘la erkinlik berib qo‘yish.
Rus tilidan Muzaffar Ahmad tarjimasi
«Jahon adabiyoti», 2014 yil, 10-son
_____________
* Lichji – Janubiy Xitoyda o‘sadigan meva; mamlakatning boshqa viloyatlarida u juda tansiq hisoblangan.
** Xitoy bolalari qadim-qadimdan san’atning quyidagi olti turini bilishlari shart bo‘lgan: odob-axloq, musiqa, yoyandozlik, ot-arava haydash, kalligrafiya (husni xat) va arifmetika (hisob-kitob).
ziyouz.uz

У этой записи 120 комментариев

  1. whoah this weblog is fantastic i really like reading
    your posts. Keep up the good work! You know, a lot of individuals are hunting around for this
    information, you could aid them greatly.

  2. First off I would like to say awesome blog! I had a quick question that I’d like to
    ask if you don’t mind. I was interested to know how you center yourself and
    clear your mind before writing. I’ve had trouble clearing my thoughts in getting my ideas out.
    I truly do take pleasure in writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes are wasted simply just trying to figure out
    how to begin. Any recommendations or tips? Thank you!

  3. Hey there would you mind sharing which blog platform you’re using?
    I’m planning to start my own blog soon but I’m having a hard time making a decision between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal.
    The reason I ask is because your design seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something
    completely unique. P.S My apologies for being off-topic but I had to ask!

  4. Howdy exceptional website! Does running a blog like this take a massive amount work?

    I’ve virtually no expertise in coding but I had been hoping to start my own blog in the
    near future. Anyway, if you have any ideas or techniques for new blog owners please share.
    I understand this is off subject nevertheless I just wanted to ask.

    Kudos!

  5. I’d like to thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this site.
    I’m hoping to check out the same high-grade content by you
    in the future as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my own, personal blog
    now 😉

  6. After I initially left a comment I seem to have clicked on the -Notify me when new
    comments are added- checkbox and from now on each time a comment
    is added I get four emails with the exact same comment.
    There has to be an easy method you are able to remove me from that service?
    Many thanks!

  7. Does your blog have a contact page? I’m having problems locating it but, I’d
    like to send you an e-mail. I’ve got some recommendations for your
    blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great blog and I look forward to
    seeing it expand over time.

  8. A person essentially help to make significantly articles I’d state.
    This is the very first time I frequented your web page and to this point?
    I amazed with the analysis you made to make this actual
    publish incredible. Great task!

  9. Hi! I know this is kinda off topic nevertheless
    I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links or maybe guest writing a blog post
    or vice-versa? My blog goes over a lot of the same topics as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other.
    If you’re interested feel free to shoot me an e-mail.

    I look forward to hearing from you! Terrific blog
    by the way!

  10. I’m excited to find this web site. I want to to thank you for ones
    time due to this wonderful read!! I definitely enjoyed every part of it and i also have you book
    marked to see new information in your web site.

  11. I do trust all the ideas you have introduced in your post.
    They are very convincing and will certainly work.
    Still, the posts are too brief for newbies. May you please extend them a
    bit from next time? Thank you for the post.

  12. Awesome website you have here but I was curious about if you
    knew of any forums that cover the same topics discussed here?
    I’d really like to be a part of online community where I can get feed-back from other knowledgeable
    individuals that share the same interest.
    If you have any recommendations, please let me know.
    Cheers!

  13. I like the helpful info you provide in your articles.
    I’ll bookmark your weblog and check again here regularly.
    I’m quite sure I’ll learn many new stuff right here! Best of luck for the next!

  14. You really make it seem really easy along with your presentation but I to find this topic to be
    actually one thing that I think I might by no means
    understand. It seems too complicated and very huge for me.
    I am having a look ahead to your subsequent submit, I will try to get the hang of it!

  15. Greetings! I know this is kinda off topic however I’d
    figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links
    or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa?

    My website addresses a lot of the same subjects as yours and I think we could greatly benefit from
    each other. If you are interested feel free to send me an e-mail.
    I look forward to hearing from you! Fantastic blog by the way!

  16. Hey there, I think your site might be having browser compatibility issues.
    When I look at your blog site in Opera, it looks fine but when opening in Internet
    Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads
    up! Other then that, superb blog!

  17. Hello this is kinda of off topic but I was wanting to know if blogs use WYSIWYG
    editors or if you have to manually code with HTML. I’m starting a blog soon but have no coding know-how so I wanted to get advice from
    someone with experience. Any help would be enormously appreciated!

  18. I absolutely love your blog and find nearly all of your
    post’s to be exactly I’m looking for. Would you offer guest writers to write
    content to suit your needs? I wouldn’t mind creating a post or elaborating on many
    of the subjects you write in relation to here.
    Again, awesome web site!

  19. Oh my goodness! Incredible article dude! Thank you so much, However I am encountering problems with your RSS.
    I don’t know why I can’t join it. Is there
    anyone else getting identical RSS issues? Anybody who knows
    the answer can you kindly respond? Thanx!!

  20. First off I want to say wonderful blog! I had a quick
    question in which I’d like to ask if you don’t mind.
    I was interested to know how you center yourself and clear your head
    before writing. I’ve had a difficult time clearing my mind in getting my thoughts out.

    I truly do take pleasure in writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes tend to
    be lost just trying to figure out how to begin. Any ideas or tips?

    Many thanks!

  21. I simply could not depart your web site before suggesting that I actually loved the usual information an individual provide on your guests? Is gonna be again often to check up on new posts.

  22. Having read this I believed it was rather informative.
    I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put this article
    together. I once again find myself personally
    spending a significant amount of time both reading and leaving comments.
    But so what, it was still worthwhile!

  23. I really like your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you design this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you?
    Plz answer back as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to find
    out where u got this from. thank you

  24. Howdy are using WordPress for your blog platform?
    I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you require any html coding expertise to make your own blog?

    Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  25. Hi! Quick question that’s completely off topic. Do you know how to make your site
    mobile friendly? My site looks weird when viewing from my
    iphone 4. I’m trying to find a theme or plugin that might be able to resolve this problem.

    If you have any recommendations, please share.
    Appreciate it!

  26. You really make it seem so easy along with your presentation however I find this matter to be actually one
    thing that I think I’d by no means understand. It kind of feels
    too complicated and very huge for me. I am having
    a look ahead for your next post, I will attempt to get the grasp of it!

  27. Howdy just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your post seem to be running
    off the screen in Firefox. I’m not sure if this is a formatting issue or something to do
    with browser compatibility but I thought I’d post to let you know.
    The layout look great though! Hope you get the issue resolved soon. Thanks

  28. I’m extremely inspired along with your writing skills
    and also with the structure on your weblog. Is this a paid theme or did you modify it your self?

    Either way keep up the nice quality writing, it’s uncommon to look a great weblog
    like this one nowadays..

  29. You really make it appear so easy with your presentation but I to find this topic to be really something that I think I’d never understand. It seems too complex and extremely huge for me. I am taking a look ahead for your next submit, I will try to get the dangle of it!

  30. I’ve been exploring for a little bit for any high-quality articles or blog posts on this sort of
    house . Exploring in Yahoo I ultimately stumbled upon this web
    site. Studying this information So i’m glad to exhibit that I have
    a very good uncanny feeling I discovered exactly what I needed.
    I so much for sure will make certain to do not disregard this
    web site and give it a glance regularly.

  31. Hey There. I discovered your weblog the use
    of msn. That is an extremely neatly written article. I’ll
    be sure to bookmark it and come back to read more of your useful
    information. Thanks for the post. I will definitely return.

  32. I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did
    you design this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you?
    Plz respond as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like
    to know where u got this from. thanks a lot

  33. My programmer is trying to convince me to move to .net from PHP.
    I have always disliked the idea because of the costs.
    But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using
    WordPress on several websites for about a year and am concerned about switching to another platform.

    I have heard fantastic things about blogengine.net.

    Is there a way I can transfer all my wordpress posts into it?
    Any help would be greatly appreciated!

  34. Hey I am so happy I found your website, I really found you by accident,
    while I was researching on Aol for something else, Nonetheless I am here
    now and would just like to say thanks a lot
    for a fantastic post and a all round exciting blog (I
    also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to look over it all at the minute but I have
    saved it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read more,
    Please do keep up the superb jo.

  35. Hi! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering which
    blog platform are you using for this site? I’m getting tired of WordPress because I’ve had problems with hackers and
    I’m looking at alternatives for another platform.
    I would be great if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.

  36. I have been surfing online more than 2 hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours.
    It is pretty worth enough for me. In my opinion, if all webmasters and bloggers made good content as you did, the web will be
    a lot more useful than ever before.

  37. Does your site have a contact page? I’m having trouble
    locating it but, I’d like to shoot you an email. I’ve got some recommendations for your blog you might be interested in hearing.
    Either way, great site and I look forward to seeing it develop over time.

  38. Appreciating the hard work you put into your
    blog and detailed information you offer. It’s good to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the
    same outdated rehashed information. Wonderful read! I’ve
    saved your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.

Добавить комментарий