Non-ferrous metallurgy — the leading branch of the metallurgical industry. It is engaged in mining of ore deposits, beneficiation of ores, production and processing of non-ferrous, rare and precious metals, preparation of their alloys. Non-ferrous metallurgy produces rolled products, pressed products, hard alloys, metal powders, various salts and compounds of non-ferrous, rare and precious metals, as well as related products such as chemical fertilizers, building materials. Non-ferrous metallurgical products are used in all sectors of the national economy. Mining enterprises, concentrators, metallurgical and metal processing plants make up the production complex of the network.
Other minerals Karaganda has very low amounts of non-ferrous and rare metals in its ores. From 1 t to tens of thousands of t of ore is mined and processed to obtain 100 t of non-ferrous metal. More than 65% of the ores are mined by a more economical method - open pit mining. In ore raw materials, the main elements are aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, nickel, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, along with accompanying elements - gold, silver, platinum metals, cobalt, arsenic, rhenium, indium, rubidium, gallium, selenium, tellurium and others. , sometimes there are also metals that are more expensive than the "base" metals. In beneficiation plants, more than 90% of all ores are beneficiated by flotation using effective flotation reagents.
Non-ferrous metallurgy in Uzbekistan has developed since the 20s of the 30th century on the basis of local mineral raw material resources. Mines of non-ferrous, rare and precious metals (gold, copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, molybdenum, mercury, etc.), Karamozor copper-lead-zinc mine, Obirakhmat, Burchmulla, Aktuz, Takob, Ingichka, Koytash, Langar non-ferrous metals, Chodak, Zarmitan, Marjonbulok, Kauldi, Kokpatos, Kizilolmalisoy gold, Korgoshinkon, Oltintopgan lead-zinc, Kalmokgyr copper mines and others were discovered and developed on an industrial scale, and the non-ferrous metallurgy was formed in the republic. The republic has become a world leader in the production of non-ferrous metals. Uzbekistan ranks 5th in terms of gold reserves and 7th in terms of gold mining among the countries of the world (see Gold industry).Copper, lead - smelting production was mainly formed in the Ahangaron - Almalyk mining area on the basis of lead-gold-bearing polymetallic mines and Kalmyk-Kyrmis mines. The leading enterprise of the network is the Almalyk Mining Metallurgical Combine, which owns a metallurgical cycle. The large enterprise of tungsten and molybdenum metallurgy in Chirchikshahr of Uzbek solid alloys and semimetals works mainly on molybdenum extracted from the ores of Ingichkatungstrum (1943; Samarkand province) and Koytash tungsten molybdenum (1937; Jizzakh province) mines and copper ores. 1 Molybdenum ingot was produced in Ktda in 1956, and hard alloys were produced in 1957. Kt products (more than 100 types) are widely used in the fields of electrical engineering, steelmaking, and welding. Since 1996, the production capacity of light bulbs to meet the needs of the republic has been put into operation.
Since the 60s, facilities built for the production of secondary casts of non-ferrous metals have been operating in Tashkent. Aluminum scraps are remelted at the enterprise and delivered to the national economy. Since the 1990s, the metallurgy of rare earth elements has been forming in the metallurgy of Uzbekistan. Alloys of rare metals with aluminum and magnesium - light alloys, alloys with magnesium - refractory alloys are widely used in various industries. As a result of the introduction of modern advanced technology in the republic, powder metallurgy is also developing.
Qualified specialists for metallurgy and mineral extraction and processing industry are trained at Tashkent Technical University, Navoi Mining Institute established in 1995, and Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology.
