Nerve disease

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The causes of nerve and nerve entrapment damage vary. Nerves are often damaged by the flu, brucellosis, rheumatism, tuberculosis, chemical poisoning, or internal poisoning due to diabetes, trauma, or metabolic disorders. It can also cause damage to nerves or nerve entanglements as a result of various injuries (squeezing, pulling, tearing). Severe pain is observed when the disease occurs. It becomes difficult to move in the affected area, and sensitivity is also reduced.

There are various injuries in the area of ​​the nerves of the limbs. For example, when the elbow nerve is inflamed, there is mostly pain in the palms of the hands. At the same time, the patient has difficulty bending the ring finger and the ring finger, cannot bring the fingers close together, and even complains of not being able to touch the ring finger. When the patient is examined, the palm of the hand on the affected side for a long time resembles a "bird's paw." It is noted that the muscles in the palm are atrophied (thinned, shrinking).

When the femoral nerve is damaged, the patient does not bend the leg, and the muscles in front of the femur lose weight. When the patient stands or walks, the pain intensifies and the body feels tremors. The pain is especially persistent in the front of the thigh.

When the sciatic nerve is inflamed, the patient complains that the toes hang down and that it is difficult to walk without bending the knee joint. On examination, it is felt that the leg muscles in the back of the thigh are thin. In the same place, the sensation disappears, and gradually there is pain in the affected area.

If the big calf nerve is damaged, the patient cannot even bend the toes inwards. Sensitivity decreases or disappears under the toes and in the back of the calf, where the pain increases.

Complications of facial nerve damage include colds, colds, and infectious diseases. This compresses the facial nerve, disrupts its blood supply, and causes a slight rise in body temperature. At rest, it is noted that the right and left sides of the face are not the same.

On the affected side, the forehead folds are smoothed, the eye area is wide, the nasal folds and the corners of the mouth are down. At the same time, the patient cannot raise his eyebrows or close his eyes. The facial expression is as rigid as a statue, and even the gestures are imperceptible.

When solid food is eaten, the food stays between the cheeks and the gums, fluid leaks out of the mouth, and the patient's tears do not stop because the pancreas is not closed. The front of the tongue also loses its ability to taste. In addition, the facial muscles contract painlessly for several minutes.

Nerve damage and nerve root damage are often caused by sweating, exposure to cold air, and inflammation of nerve fibers. For example, when the roots of the neck are damaged, there is a sudden pain in the neck and loss of movement. The patient should gently massage the affected area. Then, of course, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Treatment of diseases of the nerves and nerve endings is carried out under the supervision of a physician. The patient undergoes physiotherapy. Physical training, massage helps well.

Depending on which part of the peripheral nervous system is affected, the patient is diagnosed. For example, neuralgia is called plexitis. Radiculitis is a disease of the spinal cord. Diseases of one or more peripheral nerves are called neuritis or polyneuritis. These differ from each other in terms of symptoms and course.

Plexitis (nerve damage) is particularly common and is associated with inflammation of the shoulder girdle. The disease is more common due to the location of the concave surface of the shoulder (which can be felt in the upper, lower part of the sternum and armpit).

Shoulder plexitis is caused by a variety of infections and injuries, and in infants by shoulder injuries during childbirth. Due to its anatomical structure, the shoulder girdle is severely damaged, and the disease may be accompanied by cervical nerve entrapment. Plexitis usually begins suddenly. Pain in the arms and legs, numbness in the muscles of the arms. Pain is especially severe in the wrists and forearms.

The patient is unable to raise his arm at the shoulder joint and bend his arm at the elbow joint. The shoulder muscles and upper arm muscles are most affected. Bending the elbow, the writing stakes weaken. Sensitivity in this area may be completely lost. Both the upper arm and the affected shoulder have severe pain. Pain is felt in the upper and lower extremities of the pelvis and in the armpit. The sensation of pain decreases or disappears on the surface of the shoulder and on the outside of the upper arm.

Paralysis of the lower shoulder girdle is more common in the palms of the hands. It is difficult to bend the fingers and write. The muscles on the inside and outside of the palms of the hands relax. The pain is in the fingers and toes. If the shoulder joint is completely damaged, there will be muscle wasting, hypertension, loss of sensation in the affected arm, and complete loss.

Damage to the cervical, lumbar, and occipital ligaments, which form in the spinal nerve, is also rare. This means that the patient must first be careful not to damage the nerves. Tissue-restoring drugs and bone-strengthening drugs (calcillin, calcium), as well as manual therapies and acupuncture, are important tools in relieving the disease and correcting nerve inflammation.

To prevent the disease, you can do the following exercises gradually:

1. Lie on your face on the floor, with both arms outstretched and bent backwards like a bow.

2. Pair your legs, put one foot back with the tip. At the same time, raise the palms of your hands forward, facing down. Bend over, then slowly lower your arms on both sides. Repeat this exercise several times, so that the flexibility of the moving parts of the arm, elbow and shoulder nerves increases, and after this exercise the muscles tighten.

3. Pair your legs and stand up straight. Hold the fitness stick with your hands down. Slowly bend the sheep, raising the stick high above your head. Then slowly lower the wand and lift it up.

4. Keep your feet shoulder-width apart. Raise one arm and bend the body in the opposite direction. Repeat with the other hand.

5. Sit in a chair, lean on a backrest, lower your arms, relax your muscles, then bend your arms wide apart, slowly cross your arms over your chest, pull your abdomen in, and bend your head.

6. Sit on the edge of a chair and lower your arms across your body, then raise your palms horizontally on both sides. Bend over and exhale.

7. Stretch your right arm and left arm forward alternately, and at the same time, fold the same leg and crawl on the floor.

Exercise strengthens muscles, normalizes nerve activity, increases flexibility. In general, people are more likely to experience nerve damage after the age of forty-five or fifty, especially those with plexitis. Therefore, it is possible to eradicate such diseases by performing therapeutic exercises, taking the necessary vitamins in a timely manner and hospitalizing once a year.

Marhamat YOKUBOVA,
neuropathologist
doctor of medical sciences.