About Big Tennis

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There are many people interested in tennis, and most of them are young people. Although parents want their children to be healthy through sports, they are afraid of getting injured. If you are a footballer, you can break your leg, and if you are a wrestler, you can injure any of your limbs. It is true that success in any field is impossible without hard work. Another thing is that a person who knows his profession well, who has learned it, and who is "stuck" in this way, does not eat pand.

According to experts, tennis is the physical sport in which athletes suffer the least injuries.

Today, tennis has become a very popular sport. That's why he has a lot of fans, tennis players.

Every athlete must know the history, development and rules of their field. Ordinary viewers - we won't lose if we let you know. Today we are learning about tennis.

 

Date of origin

The game of racket-tossing was played in ancient Greece, Rome, and elsewhere. During the Middle Ages and beyond, various "ancestors" of modern tennis emerged, developed, and changed in various parts of Europe. Examples are the British "field tennis", "court tennis", "long-pom", "wolf-pom" in France, Spain and Italy.

In the XNUMXth century, French aristocrats spent their leisure time playing "jyo de pom." This sport had a great influence on the development of modern tennis. In this favorite race of the nobility, leather balls covered with leather were played by hand, not with a racket. The ball does not jump well on the ground, so special halls were used for the stage. Over the years, these halls will host music and dance evenings. Such banquets are later called balls.

From the XNUMXth century onwards, it became customary to raise the ball with a racket. As the "game of the palm" changed, the British began to call it "real tennis".

The leather-covered balls used in those days were stuffed with sawdust, rags, and grass. Of course, such "snowballs" do not jump. The appearance of rubber balls did not require the use of paved areas, and now it was possible to play comfortably on the lawn. This event led to the rapid spread of the sport, which was widespread only in the Foggy Albion, to other regions.

The name tennis is derived from the imperative form of the French verb tenir. "Hold" means "hold". The athlete warned his opponent with this shout.

The term racket is also derived from the French word raquette. The phrase is actually derived from the Arabic word rakhat, which means "palm."

Formation

In 1874, Wingfield, an Englishman, developed a set of rules similar to modern tennis, which he called the "ball game." In fact, he did not make any new discoveries, but based his work on real tennis disciplines that were popular among aristocrats before the Great French Revolution. In 1875, the rules were significantly improved and renamed "lawn tennis" ("lawn" in English means "lawn", "meadow"). According to the International Tennis Federation, 1875 is the "birthday" of modern tennis.

Wingfield, who thought that the game could make a lot of money in the future, received a patent in 1874, which certified the inventor's copyright. But to no avail.

The official rules of the game were first adopted in 1875 by the Marylebone Cricket Club in London.

In 1869 he founded the All-British Croquet Club. Six years later, one of the team members, Henry Jones, offered the club tennis. The new game quickly became popular, and in 1877 the club was renamed the All-English Croquet and Lawn Tunis Club. Today, the club is known as the All-England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. However, his name Wimbledon is more popular.

In 1912, the International Laun-Tunisia Federation (ILTF) was founded. The federation was renamed the International Tennis Federation (ITF) in 1977. In 1963, the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) was formed.

First races

In 1877, the first lawn tennis tournament was held in Wimbledon, London. Only men took part in it.

In 1888, the Lawn Tennis Association was founded. The association has 43 rules for tennis. These rules still apply today.

The Wimbledon tournament is an unofficial world championship held annually on lawn courts. It is organized as the UK Open Championship. The prize pool averages £ 8,5 million. Due to the large prize pool, the British call it a "big fair".

In 1899, four students at Harvard University came up with the idea of ​​holding a national team competition. One of them, Dwight Davis, arranges the tournament and buys a silver trophy for the winners at his own expense. The first tournament was held in 1900 in Brooklyn, Massachusetts, USA. It was attended by teams from the United States and the United Kingdom. The U.S. team, of which Davis is a member, unexpectedly won three matches. Since then, the competition has been held annually, with a few exceptions. In 1945, after the death of D. Davis, the tournament became known as the Davis Cup. This tournament is now considered one of the most important events in the world of tennis. In 2000, 132 countries participated in the Davis Cup.

Today, tennis is played by millions of people of all ages. According to the latest figures, the International Tennis Federation has about 190 national federations.

There are 4 major tournaments in the world of tennis:

1. Wimbledon tournament.

2. U.S. Open Championship.

3. Roland Garros Tournament (French Open).

4. Australian Open.

These championships are called "Grand Slam tournaments" or "Golden Crown". Winning the bar at these four tournaments in a year is the biggest dream of tennis players.

Tennis was one of the first modern sports to be included in the Olympic program. From 1896 to 1924 it was part of the Olympic Games. In 1924 it was deregistered. According to officials, tennis was considered a "mysterious" game. Because any person - both amateur and professional - could take part in it, the participants were not selected according to certain criteria. It was not until 1988 that tennis returned to the Olympic Games. According to the tally, the most medals were won by Great Britain (36 - 14 gold, 11 silver, 11 bronze).

There is also a special type of tennis that is not played on the courts. This is a well-known table tennis. In this case, the net is drawn crosswise on a special table. His calculations and rules are also different from big tennis. This type of tennis was included in the 1988 Olympic Games.

Each year, more than 40 million people take part in various official table tennis competitions.

Briefly about the rules

In tennis, participants are placed on opposite sides of a field separated by a net. Two or four people can play in a doubles match at the same time.

One of the athletes puts the ball into play. The second athlete must receive the ball.

The participant must throw the ball to the opponent with the help of a racket, and throw the ball back to the opponent. The task of the tennis players is to throw the ball into the restricted area on the opponent's side. The ball passed by the opponent must be answered more than once on the field. It is also possible to return the ball from the second shot without falling to the ground.

The first ball to be passed to the opponent must be thrown in a transverse direction, ie if the ball is on the right, the ball must be thrown to the left.

Points are awarded to the opponent of the player who made a mistake.

Tennis players must score points to win the game. In the game, the score is 15: 0, 30: 0, 40: 0, 45: 0. If the score is 40:40 - "equal", the winner of the next point will be "more", the loser will be "less". The tennis player, who won another point after "Kop", also wins the game. In this way, the player who collects the games wins the set. You have to win six games in a set (like 6: 0, 6: 4). If the score is 6: 5, the game continues. The score is 7: 5. However, if the score is 6: 6 and the winner is not determined, a tie-break will be played. To win a tie-break, you need to score 7 points, and if the score is 7: 6, the game continues until one side is 2 points behind. The game ends when one participant wins enough sets.

The maximum number of sets in the men's game is 5, and 3 in the women's game. Tennis tournaments are organized in singles, doubles and mixed (one male and one female).

Tennis is played on a special field - courts. Court is derived from the English word court, meaning "courtyard". The size of the courts for singles and doubles matches varies. The size of the court is 23,77 × 8,23 ​​meters for singles and 23,77 × 10,97 meters for doubles. The cross line is drawn using a metal chain. The height of the four in the middle of the field is 0,914 meters, and the height in front of the side pillars is 1,07 meters. Courts can be sandy, grassy, ​​hard or synthetic.

In official competitions, the game is always refereed. He sits on a high chair with good visibility on all sides of the court. The seat is placed on the side of the net. The referee has the absolute right to rule and may use the help of the wing referee to determine whether the ball has crossed the court boundary. The referee explains the game aloud.

Development of tennis in Uzbekistan

Although tennis came to our country in the 20s, it became popular and developed after independence. Tennis courts have been built in regional centers and major cities. These sports facilities in Tashkent, Fergana, Samarkand, Namangan, Andijan meet world standards, where all the amenities for tennis players and tennis fans are created. According to the latest data, more than 530 tennis courts have been built in the country.

In 1992, the Tennis Federation of Uzbekistan was established and in the same year became a member of the ITF. The Uzbek team has been participating in the Davis Cup since 1994. Our athletes have successfully participated in various international championships, Asian Games, continental championships, Olympics and other competitions.

The launch of the President's Cup among professional tennis players in Tashkent in 1994 marked a new stage in the development of the sport. In 1996, the Women's Challenger was established in Tashkent and became one of the WTA events. Similar high-level games began to be held in regional centers. Since 2001, the Davis Cup has been the Uzbekistan Cup between regional teams.

Today, special attention is paid to tennis. As a result, the number of people interested in this sport, those who practice it and, of course, qualified athletes is growing. There are branches of the Republican Tennis Federation in all regions of the country. There are about 50 tennis clubs and about 80 children's and youth sports schools specializing in tennis. More than 15 people play tennis in Uzbekistan. Our athletes such as Iroda Tolaganova, Denis Istomin, Vadim Kutsenko, Oleg Ogorodov, Farrukh Dustov, Akgul Amanmuradova have won various international tournaments.

Victory for violence

In other sports, too, the one who decides quickly and correctly and acts in his place wins. But tennis requires a bit more intensity. A physically strong and agile athlete hurries his opponent and forces him to make a mistake. If you also play sports, tennis, you need to exercise more regularly, learn to think fast, move fast. The physical capacity of a person who does not know how to think does not lead him to his destination like a car without fuel.

Orifjan Madvaliyev

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Published in Gulkhan magazine.

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2010