Administrative structure: It is divided into 4 districts and one subordinate territory.
Major cities: Suva, Nandi, Lautoka.
Currency: fiji dollar.
Geographical location, nature. It is located in the southern Pacific Ocean, in the Fiji Basin. The republic consists of 332 islands, only one third of which are inhabited. The largest islands are Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. Viti Levu Island covers XNUMX% of the country's population.
The climate is tropical. Mountain islands are characterized by high rainfall. The island of Viti Levu, with the capital Suva, receives between 3000 and 5000 mm of rain a year.
The average daily temperature varies with the season. During the dry season it is around 23-25 degrees, and during the rainy season it is around 26-27 degrees. The difference between the coldest and hottest temperatures is only 3-4 degrees. In the coastal areas, the temperature drops to 18 degrees in the evening and rises to 32 degrees during the day.
There are about 2600 species of plants in the country. About 1600 of them are native and the remaining 1000 species are propagated.
The animal world is relatively poor. Most of the animals were brought from other places. There are many types of insects. According to various estimates, there are about 3500 species of insects in the area.
Historical dates. The first settlements in the Fiji Islands appeared in the middle of the second millennium BC. Abel Tasman of the Netherlands was the first European to visit the islands in 1643, and James Cook of England in 1774. In 1874, Britain colonized Fiji. From 1879, the colonialists began to bring workers from India to use in the sugar cane fields. In 1959, the national liberation movement began in Fiji. On October 1970, 10, Britain was forced to grant independence, but the power of the governor-general he appointed remained. On September 1987, 25, Siti was overthrown by Rabuka, and on October 6, the post of Governor-General was abolished and the Republic of Fiji was proclaimed. The country was renamed the Sovereign Democratic Republic of Fiji from 1990 to 1998 and the Republic of Fiji from 1998 to 2010.
Fiji has been a member of the United Nations since 1970. National holiday - October 10 - Independence Day.
Economy. Fiji is the most developed island nation in the Pacific Ocean. It is rich in forests, minerals and fish resources. However, between 2000 and 2009, economic growth averaged only 0,9 percent. In 2010, this figure fell to 0,1 percent. This is due to the unstable political situation in the country. The decline in interest in the country by foreign investors and the outflow of qualified professionals has dealt a serious blow to the Fiji economy.
According to 2010 data, agriculture accounts for 16,1% of GDP, manufacturing for 24,4% and services for 59,5%. Foreign currency comes mainly from the tourism industry and sugar sales.
Population of. According to the latest figures, 57,2 percent of the country's population are indigenous Fijians and 37,5 percent are Indo-Fijians. The islands are also home to rotuma and Chinese, immigrants from other Pacific islands, and hybrids.
The official languages are English and Fijian. The Hindu dialect of Hindi is widespread among the Hindus.
Religion. 64,5 percent of the population are Christians. Indians make up 27,9 percent. In third place in terms of the number of Muslims, 7% of the population (more than 62 people) are Muslims. Most of them are Sunnis.
Islam began to spread in the country in the XIX century. The first Muslims came here in 1879. They were Indian labor migrants. Between 1879 and 1916, more than 60 workers were brought to Fiji from India under the Workers' Program. Most of them were Muslims.
In 1900, the country's first mosque was built under the auspices of the Fiji Sugar Company. In 1915, the first congress of Fiji Muslims was held. In 1919, a Muslim association was formed in the capital, Suva. On October 1926, 31, the Fiji Muslim Board was established.
oriftolib.uz
Orifjon MADVALIYEVprepared.
Published in the 2014th issue of "Hidoyat" magazine in 12.
