1. Developing students' oral and written speech is the main task of the mother tongue teacher.
2. Basic requirements for students' speech.
3. Practical activities used in the development of students' speech
4. Uniform spelling and speech mode at school
Basic concepts
1.Oral speech is a normal sounding conversational speech, which is expressed with more tone and various gestures.
2.Written speech letters and words are combined according to certain rules, punctuation marks, various separations: paragraphs, paragraphs.
3.Inner speech is passive speech that a person speaks to himself, which does not require the participation of a second person.
4.External speech is active speech directed at others and controllable.
With the help of speech, a person expresses his thoughts, feelings, wishes and understands the thoughts, feelings, wishes of others. Speech is oral and written. Spoken speech is a typical colloquial speech that is more concerned with tone and different spellings. Complex grammatical devices and conjunctions are hardly used in it.
Writing a written speech is a more complex process, it requires the student to construct a sentence that is correct in terms of grammar and content, to use each word correctly in its place, to pay attention to spelling and punctuation. requires compliance.
First of all, it should be noted that all academic subjects taught at school are aimed at working on the student's speech. The science of mother tongue is the most basic and important among them.
As the student's knowledge and worldview develop, his speech and thinking also grow continuously. Fluent, concise, effective speech brings peace to the listener. One of the main tasks of the school is to teach its students to speak like this.
The task of school teachers, first of all, the teacher of the mother tongue, is to prevent the defects in the students' speech, to clean their speech from the influence of dialect, from the influence of various vulgar words, and to speak according to the standards of the literary language. is to teach.
The main requirements for students' speech are as follows:
1. Suitability of the speech to the speech conditions.
Speaking environment means the situation of the speaker and the listener at the time of creating the speech. For example, if there is one speaker and many listeners, the speaker is required to express his thoughts coherently and interdependently, observing loud pauses. The unique appearance of such a speech is reflected in the student's answers in the process of elucidating theoretical issues or completing homework, in his speech when revealing a certain topic in a class or at a meeting.
One of the important components of the speech setting is the speaker's consideration of the level of the audience.
2. Content of speech
The student's speech will be meaningful only if it fits the context of the speech and describes the events that he knows and is aware of in oral and written forms.
Clear evidence, the student's thoughts based on personal observation or impressions, feelings attract the attention of others.
3. The speech should be logically correct, clear and consistent.
Only if each idea in the speech is logically based, its effectiveness will increase. This requires every student to carefully look at things and events, to be able to give an accurate assessment of each of them, to build a regular and consistent speech, and to be able to prove it. When expressing an opinion, the student should be able to logically connect one idea with the other, distinguish the main ideas related to the topic from the secondary ideas, and not allow returning ideas.
4. Rich and colorful speech
The richness and variety of speech, first of all, the lexical possibilities of the Uzbek language in expressing thoughts: words with similar, similar and opposite meanings, figurative expressions and phrases, proverbs and sayings, figurative it is manifested in the wide and appropriate use of words, similes, adjectives, etc.
5. Speech should be grammatically correct.
The student must have the skills and abilities to connect words, phrases, and sentences, to use appropriate conjunctions and possessive adjectives, and to be able to match the subject and participle of the sentence. .
6. Speech should be melodious.
Tone is considered a means of increasing the effectiveness of the student's speech. It is necessary for the reader to read each poetic or prose work following the melody, following the syntagms, and using the logical accent correctly.
The following practical activities are used to develop students' speech:
1. Teaching literary pronunciation based on the rules learned in each lesson.
2. Paying attention to the development of speech in the teaching of other subjects.
3. To be able to explain non-literary arguments in the student's speech.
4. To pay attention to the pronunciation of sounds that are different from spoken and written in phonetics teaching.
5. Lessons on strengthening orthographic skills.
6. Getting students used to speaking at various events and gatherings.
7. Memorizing excerpts from poetic and prose works.
The unified orthography and speech mode in the school sets the task of the school administration and the teaching team to actively participate in the work of improving the literacy of students, developing their oral and written speech. In this case, the only requirement is to develop literacy and speech culture.
Uniform spelling and mode of speech require special attention to:
1) full compliance of the teacher with the standards of literary pronunciation, writing in the lesson in full compliance with orthographic and punctuation requirements and the rules of beautiful writing;
2) to demand this from students: to correct orthographic, dialectal and sentence construction errors in their oral answers;
3) absence of errors in notebooks in all subjects, compliance with calligraphy rules;
4) spelling, punctuational and stylistically literate writing of various tables, announcements and lists, slogans available in the school;
5) Require regular use of the "Spelling Dictionary" from all subject teachers;
6) the school should have a "Dictionary board", students should have a "Dictionary of unfamiliar words".
Teachers of native language and literature take the initiative in the implementation of a unified orthography and speech mode.
