Fergana region

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Fergana region - A region within the Republic of Uzbekistan. It was founded on January 1938, 15. It is located in the east of the republic, in the south of the Fergana valley. It is bordered by Namangan and Andijan regions in the north, Kyrgyzstan in the south and east, and the Republic of Tajikistan in the west. The area is 6,8 thousand km². Its population is 3,317 thousand people (2012). It includes 15 districts, 9 cities (Besharik, Margilan, Rishtan, Fergana, Yaypan, Kuva, Quvasoy, Kokand, Hamza), 10 towns, 164 rural assemblies (2004). The center is the city of Fergana.

HISTORY

Fergana region is one of the ancient cultural centers of Uzbekistan. Stone Age settlements and rock paintings found in the area indicate that people have lived in the valley since ancient times. The monuments of the Stone Age of Fergana region were studied in 1954 by an archeological team led by AP Okladnikov. Stone tools of the Mustye period were found in the eastern part of the valley, in the areas of Kayrakkum, Khojagor and Uchkurgan. Ancient Stone Age settlements in the western part of the valley were explored, including the Qalacha, Jarqoton and Kapchigay stone tools workshops of the Mustye period. In 1958, the first Mesolithic stone tools were found in Central Fergana. It was also discovered that there were 24 Mesolithic and Neolithic settlements around Uzunkol and Taylakkol in Central Fergana (1965). There are 28 caves and caves in the Sokh oasis (Selungur, Eshma, Obishir, Sur, Bel, Zim, Ovikambar, Bogishim and others). The cultural layer of the Obishir caves is well preserved. Mesolithic stone tools and animal bones were found during the excavations. They provide an opportunity to study the life of that period.

In 1967 and 1969-70, the staff of the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg visited 35 Mesolithic and Neolithic sites. The excavation of the Greater Fergana Canal played an important role in the study of archeological monuments of the Fergana region. During the excavation of the canal, monuments of the Bronze Age, slavery and landownership were found and examined. In the village of Akbarabad, between Kuva and Tashlak districts, there was a settlement of the Bronze Age, and on the left bank of the Margilansay was the Aktom cemetery. Slavery monuments such as Takhyontepa in the Kuva district of the Fergana region and Simtepa (Chimtepa) in the city of Fergana have been found and studied. Especially in the city of Kuva mil. av. Finds from the 5th and early Middle Ages are well researched. Historical sources from the 10th to the 11th century state that the city was the largest city in the valley after Akhsikat in terms of prosperity and size. Archaeological materials Margilan It proves that it was a large village in the 10th century and became a city in the 11th and 12th centuries, and that Rishtan, although a large city in the 10th century, took on the appearance of a village in the 11th and 12th centuries. The monuments found in the settlements of the Chust culture, which were engaged in sedentary farming and animal husbandry, are important in the study of the Fergana Valley. The development of the productive forces and the economy there led to a change in the social structure of the peasant tribes at the end of the Bronze Age, which resulted in the end of primitive regimes and social stratification. Private property buds can be seen in household appliances. The results of archeological excavations show that Fergana region has long been inhabited by people, engaged in hunting, farming, animal husbandry, and in the later stages of human society began to develop culture.

NATURE

The northern part of the Fergana region is occupied by the Karakalpak and Yazyovan steppes, and is bounded on the south by a tributary of the Olay ridge. In the south, the hills alternate with the foothills of the Olay Range. Fergana region is a high seismic zone. The climate is continental. Winters are mild, sometimes very cold. The average temperature in January is 3,2 ° C, and 28 ° C in July. The lowest temperature is 27,9 ° C. The maximum temperature is 42 ° C. Strong "Kokand wind" blowing in the west of the valley has a negative impact on the climate. Wind speeds sometimes reach 35-40 m per second. In the south-east it blows garmsel in summer. Annual precipitation ranges from 100 mm in the west (around Kokand) to 170 mm in the east and up to 270 mm on the slopes, mainly in the spring. Vegetation period is 210-240 days. The Syrdarya River flows along the north-western border of the region. Isfara, Sokh, Shohimardon, Isfayramsay start from the Olay ridge. Rivers are fed by glacial waters. It is full in July-August. River water is used for irrigation. Mainly gray soils and meadow-swamp soils are common. The hills are mostly light and typical gray soils, alluvial grasslands on the terraces of the Syrdarya, sandy meadows and sparse meadows in the northern part of the region. Various salt marshes grow in the salt marshes of Central Fergana. Most of the land is arable. There are poplar, mulberry, elm, and broad-leaved forests and pine forests in the river valleys. Among the wild animals in the Syrdarya tugai forests are wolves, foxes, wolverines, rabbits, badgers, and jays. Ondatra, nutria are acclimatized. There are many birds and reptiles. There are marinka, usach, carp, carp, grass carp and pike-perch in the reservoirs.

POPULATION OF

The population is predominantly Uzbek, but also includes Tajiks, Russians, Kyrgyz, Tatars, and others. The average population density is 1 km² to 413,9 people. The urban population is 800 and the rural population is 2015 (2004).

Sport

The Universiade 2004 sports competitions were held in Fergana region. Since 2004, water polo and synchronized swimming have been organized in the region, and sections have been organized. In addition to the existing sports federations, sports federations were established in such sports as handball, Turan national wrestling, synchronized swimming, and arm wrestling. There are a total of 5135 sports facilities in Fergana region. Also, the first sports facilities were put into operation at the Fergana Sports College of Olympic Reserve. There are "Youth Culture and Sports Complex", "Fergana" Central Stadium, "Istiqlol" tennis complex, equestrian school, "Kimyogar" sports complex. Greek, hand-to-hand combat, taekwondo, karate, chess, checkers, boxing, belt wrestling, national wrestling, Turan national wrestling, athletics, mini-football, volleyball are developed. Athletes from the region participated in international sports competitions in 2004 and won 7 gold and 4 silver medals. In particular, the regional athletes successfully participated in the World Youth Boxing Championship in the Republic of Korea, arm wrestling in Kazakhstan, kayaking and canoeing in Japan, and the Asian Boxing Championships in the Philippines. At the republican sports competitions in athletics, the representatives of the region Ye. Tunguskova and Z. Abdullayeva were included in the national team. At the Republican Weightlifting Championships Ye. Sisoyeva won in her weight class. Also, Ye. Sisoyeva and B. Toshpolatova were nominated for the 2004 U.S. Student Weightlifting Championships. A. Ismatullayev won the championship of Uzbekistan on table tennis among the disabled and was included in the national team for participation in the World Cup. In August 2004, five athletes from the Fergana region took part in the 28th Summer Olympic Games in Athens. In 5, the Mercy Corps International Basketball Tournament, national and belt wrestling tournaments dedicated to the memory of Hazrat Ali and Temirjon and Hamid wrestlers took part in the region, and more than 2004 foreign wrestlers took part in the tournament. Athletes from the region won more than 10 medals during the year. Fifteen athletes met the Master of Sports norm.