IP address (read (ay-pi address) in English Internet Protocol)- is a unique virtual address of the device in the network.
Internet and local network devices communicate with each other through the IP protocol by sending information to each other's IP addresses. This communication has its own legal rules, and based on this law, one IP address sends a message (packet) to another IP address, and this law rules protocol is called.
This unique ip address is not on the device (computer/router(route)/..) but on the network interface.
There are currently two generations of IP addresses. 1.IPv4 (the fourth generation of Internet Protocol). 2.IPv6 (Sixth generation of Internet protocol). IPv4 address 32 will consist of bits. Bits are in the binary number system 0 va 1 represents . So an IP address consists of a sequence of 32 0's and 1's. In binary form 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 is written in this form. For us, reading in such a case creates confusion in the network, that is, remembering or entering a number incorrectly. For our convenience, we use the decimal system.
In a 32-bit addressing scheme 4 billion more than threads can be created.
IPv6— is considered a new generation and has a wide range of capabilities, unlike IPv4. IPv6 128 will consist of bits. IPv6 looks like this fe80:0:0:0:200:f8ff: fe21:67cf. Addresses are separated by colons. These ip addresses are set on facebook.com and similar popular sites.
Since we use addresses in decimal notation, network interfaces work with the binary representation of an IP address. Then the IP address has four 8 bits each octetwill be a set of numbers consisting of . Each bit in it will have its own value. There are following types of IP address entry 1. Static 2. Dynamic
Static ip addresses give the user an immutable ip address. For example, if you are the owner of a site or any server and hosts.
Dynamic IP addresses mean changing IP addresses. This means that the thread prevents the addresses from being the same as those of another computer. If we go deeper, for example, an Internet provider has 4000 users, but in real time 1000 users work. This means that 1000 threads are enough to address and ease the network administrator's task. A dynamic IP address is assigned a new IP address when the computer comes back online on March XNUMXst. This means that every computer connected to the network gets a different IP address every time it reconnects.
IP addresses are of two types according to their use in the network. 1.overall (real, waist, white) 2.local (series)
Local IP addresses are not used in the global network, and these IP addresses cannot be accessed through the global IP address and are secured. Below is a list of local addresses that are limited.
All other IP addresses are used in the global network.
To determine the IP address of our computer Windows da START=>Run..=>CMD=>IPCONFIG
Windows IP Configuration.
OS Unix at the command line to find out its IP address ipconfig command can be found by typing
IP address in the domain name nslookup can be found through the command.
When computers communicate with each other over the Internet, they send and receive digital messages using digital codes. The most common types of IP addresses in use today are usually represented by four numbers separated by periods, such as 127.0.0.1. This is a private IP address that is used for device testing and other purposes. Computers and other devices at Internet service providers, such as home and office routers, exchange messages based on an IP address. Usually, an IP address is provided by an Internet Service Provider (ISP). An ISP is an organization that connects mobile devices to a network. Clustering similar IP addresses simplifies information exchange, so it is possible to determine roughly where a device is located from its IP address. In the company network, you can find out where a particular computer is located in the office by IP address information. Similarly, in an Internet service provider's network, this information can identify a computer's geographic location.
How is an IP address found?
There are a number of databases that can identify which ISP provided a particular IP address. These databases can also determine the approximate location of a computer using a given IP address. Some companies may use this information to provide targeted advertising to residents of a specific region/country or provide services in the language of that region. A few IP addresses that provide this type of information for free tracking databases are available. To do this, enter the IP address in the search section of the database and find out what geographic information is available.
Restrictions on IP address tracking
Unless you have access to the ISP's internal database, in most cases you will not be able to pinpoint someone's location using an IP address. In some cases, people use IP address mapping information to accuse a person of a crime and do other nefarious things. In doing so, the mapping data they find is wrong, often exposing innocent people. If your IP address actually belongs to a criminal, investigate the situation carefully and contact your local police or attorney. Officials will legally obtain information about the IP address from the Internet provider and help you to clarify the situation.
Beware of wrong IP address information
IP addresses located in a specific region can be used by someone who is not in that region. This is achieved by redirecting the network to another server using a virtual private network (VPN). Hackers also work by changing the IP address. In such cases, even if you have pinpointed the geographic location of an IP address, the person using that address may actually be thousands of kilometers away.
Kcomputer file operating system file that hosts maps to host names ga IP addresses. This Plain text file. Originally a file called HOSTS.TXT was saved manually and made available via file sharing Stanford Research Institute for ARPANET membership, which includes hostnames and addresses of hosts added to join member organizations. The Domain Name System, first described in 1983 and implemented in 1984,[1] automated the publishing process and provided instant and dynamic computer name resolution on a rapidly growing network. In modern operating systems, the hosts file remains the alternative name resolution mechanism, often configured as part of objects such as Change name button either as a main method or as a fallback method.
ARPANET, the predecessor of Internet, there was no distributed hostname database. Each network node maintained a map of network nodes as needed and assigned them memorable names for system users. There was no way to ensure that all references to a given node on the network used the same name, and there was no way to read another computer's hosts files to automatically obtain a copy.
ARPANET's small size kept the hosts file properly to handle the administrative load. Network nodes usually have a single address and can have many names. As a local area TCP / IP computer networks grew in popularity, but maintaining host files became a burden on system administrators as the frequency of network connections and network nodes increased.
Standardization efforts such as file format specification HOSTS.TXT Yilda RFC 952and distribution protocols such as defined hostname server RFC 953, helped with these problems, but the centralized and monolithic nature of host files ultimately required the creation of distributed files Domain Name System (DNS).
On some older systems, the file is named networks has functions similar to hosts files that contain network names.
