Exudative diathesis is an allergic condition that occurs mainly in infants. In this case, the baby's skin and mucous membranes become exposed to various allergens. As the disease progresses, the body's metabolism is disrupted.
The first cause of diathesis is the child's diet. For example, if a baby's body can't digest certain foods (milk, egg whites, chicken, fish proteins, strawberries, grapes, apricots, leaves, namatak, tomatoes, carrots, honey, chocolate, citrus fruits), diathesis occurs immediately. .
Dandruff spots
The skin of a child with exudative diathesis changes from infancy, and later when he is taught to eat, the changes in the skin are noticeable. Initially, the child's knee joints and eyebrows are yellow, and dandruff spots can be seen. Even with proper care, the skin on the armpits, in the groin area, and around the neck and ears can be irritated. The mucous membranes of the mouth turn white.
At the age of one and a half to two months, the face becomes red and oily. When the disease is more severe, vomiting increases. A child with diathesis often suffers from acute respiratory diseases, colds, angina, bronchitis. If you suffer from pneumonia, the disease lasts a long time and is difficult to cure. Changes also occur in the gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes diarrhea, sometimes constipation.
In addition, exudative diathesis causes inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and middle ear. Even after a sick child recovers from an illness, he does not recover for a long time, that is, his condition does not improve, and his body temperature often rises. The baby looks raw and pale. The eyelids are swollen and the appetite is hoarse (in some patients, the opposite is true).
In children with diathesis, neurodermatitis, bronchial asthma, and pruritus occur in one in two patients.
Neurodermatitis
In most cases, hereditary neurodermatitis causes dry, saline, rough, and itchy skin on the elbows, elbows, ankles, and large folds. When a child is bitten, the skin is scratched, and then the surface of the affected areas gradually moves. As a result, cracks appear on the skin. If not treated in time, the neurodermatitis recurs, and the next one is more severe and painful for the patient. Therefore, prophylactic measures should be taken to prevent neurodermatitis in patients with diathesis.
It is recommended to take a bath from time to time (soda and manganese) and apply baby cream or oil. Children with persistent inflammation and dehydration should be given certain medications in addition to the bath on the advice of a doctor.
Bronchial asthma
When a child with diathesis develops bronchial asthma, he or she may become restless, lose his or her appetite, and as the attack approaches, the nasal area becomes itchy and secretes fluid. He often sneezes and coughs. It is difficult for a child to breathe, especially at night. Occasionally there is a rash on the skin and dermatitis (inflammation of the skin). The patient's behavior changes. Sleep is disturbed, appetite decreases. Feelings of shortness of breath, suffocation, and sudden onset of seizures. Coughing dries up, then sputum.
If bronchial asthma with exudative diathesis is not treated in time, it can become chronic, complicate, and recur frequently depending on the season.
Itching in children (strofulius)
Itching, which usually occurs in children aged 1-3 years, is characterized by redness and itching of the patient's face, thin blisters on the skin. When a child coughs, the blisters burst quickly and a clear liquid comes out. Sometimes the rash spreads to the lower body and legs. Irritation of the rash results in the formation of new blisters. The child becomes nervous, sleep is disturbed.
In the prevention of exudative diathesis, it is important, first of all, to ensure proper nutrition of pregnant and lactating women. Pregnancy toxicosis should also be treated in a timely manner.
Diathesis is often caused by malnutrition. Therefore, the diet of children prone to diathesis is formed in a special order. Mothers should avoid certain allergenic foods (eg, horse, mutton, fish, moss, nuts, raisins, cocoa and citrus foods, carrots, tomatoes, strawberries, chocolate, eggs, etc.). Because infants' main food is breast milk, such foods pass through milk into the baby's body and cause diathesis.
Let the mothers remember
It is good to have a lot of vegetables and fruits in your diet. Eat only beef and eggs once a week. It is better to drink less milk.
Fruit juices are given to children with diathesis very carefully, from one to several drops a day. It is important to monitor how each type of juice affects the baby.
Prepare porridge from buckwheat, oats, pearl barley and rice porridge for the sick child. If you cook such porridges in boiling water with vegetables, the level of usefulness will increase.
Diathesis has been shown to be rare in children who drink yogurt. Therefore, give the child frequent, small amounts of yogurt.
It is better to eat only minced meat and liver.
In the prevention of exudative diathesis, pay special attention to the child's daily diet. Do not feed the child the same food. In particular, infants should not be weaned prematurely. Do not give diathesis to children under the age of two or three, such as eggs, chocolate or cocoa.
After the age of one, feed your child foods made with vegetable oil. Make your daily diet rich in vitamins. If your baby has itchy skin, be sure to see a pediatrician.
Muzaffar YULDASHEV,
dermato-venereologist, doctor of medical sciences, professor.
