Violation of the menstrual cycle is any change in the menstrual cycle that occurs with a deviation from the norm. The main characteristics of a normal menstrual cycle are as follows: the period between menstruation - 21-30 days; duration of menstruation 3-7 days; the volume of blood released during menstruation is 50-150 ml; bloody separations, from light red to dark red without blood clots. The normal menstrual cycle is minimal, with mild pain and discomfort in the bladder area.
Signs of menstrual cycle disorders:
• Irregularity of the menstrual cycle (variation of the days of "coming" of menstruation).
• Absence of menstruation for more than 6 months.
• Postponement of the next menstruation from a few days to several months.
• Excessive menstruation (more than 150 ml), clots (clots) and pain.
• Low menstruation, up to 3 days.
• Pain in the bladder area before and during menstruation.
• Significant mood swings (premenstrual syndrome).
Forms of menstrual cycle disorders:
• Amenorrhea - absence of menstruation for up to six months;
• Hypomenorrhea - menstruation less than once in 35 days;
• Oligomenorrhea - less than 2 days of menstruation;
• Polymenorrhea - the onset of menstruation 21 days before;
• Dysmenorrhea - the appearance of general symptoms of malaise (headache, nausea, dizziness, mood swings) before and during menstruation;
• Algomenorrhea - the appearance of severe pain in the lower back and lower abdomen before and during menstruation;
• Algodysmenorrhea - severe pain, nausea, headache and dizziness in the lower back and lower abdomen before and during menstruation;
• Metroragia - irregular bleeding from the uterus between menstruation;
• Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea) - prolonged (more than 21 days) and excessive (more than 35 ml) menstruation at regular intervals (7-80 days).
CAUSES OF MENSTRUAL DISORDERS.
1. Pregnancy;
2. Ovarian diseases: dysfunction, anovulation, polycystosis;
3. Diseases of the adrenal glands: Cushing's syndrome;
4. Diseases of the pancreas: hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism;
5. Pituitary diseases: hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly;
6. Organic diseases: endometriosis, uterine fibroids, hyperplasia of the uterine mucosa, uterine polyps, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, ovarian cysts;
7. Inflammations: salpingo-oopharitis, endometritis, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, hepatosis, tonsillitis, otitis, meningitis, encephalitis;
8. Anemia and other blood diseases;
9. Obesity.
10. Iatrogenic causes: taking or injecting hormonal drugs;
11. Therapeutic prophylactic treatments: IUD insertion, abortion and subsequent uterine cleansing;
12. Other causes: weight loss, stress, depression, neurosis, climate change, physical exertion.
Treatment of menstrual cycle disorders.
Conservative treatment:
• Treatment of the underlying disease that causes menstrual irregularities.
• Correction of the menstrual cycle with the help of hormonal drugs: estrogen, progesterone.
• General energy therapy: vitamin complexes, diet.
• Reduce physical stress.
• Treatment of anemia.
Surgical treatment
• Cleansing of the uterine mucosa in cases of excessive bleeding and in women over 35 years of age when conservative treatment does not help.
