All information about growing onions

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Significance
Onions are a delicious vegetable that stimulates the appetite, improves digestion and blood circulation. It contains sugar, protein, connective tissue, minerals, essential oils and a large number of drugs (S, V1, V 2, RR).

Recommended varieties for planting.
Early ripening onion varieties Sumbula, Oq dur, medium ripening Istiqbol, Zafar are recommended.

Seed selection.
Seeds should be clean, high yielding, disease free, whole and complete. The seeds are cleaned of seeds and mixtures of other plants.

Land preparation.
Onion fields are thoroughly cleared of past crop residues and weeds. The soil is loosened to a depth of 20-25 cm, after the large lumps are crushed, it is well leveled and irrigation canals are removed.

Sowing time.
Onions are planted in three periods - early spring, summer-autumn and ninety. In spring, onion seeds are sown in the southern regions from January 5 to 25, in the central regions from February 20 to March 10, in the northern regions from March 5 to 25, in the central regions from November 15 to December 15 and in the northern regions from November 1 to December 1. In autumn, it is sown in the northern regions from August 15 to September 1, and in other regions from August 15 to September 10. Onion seeds consume 10-1,2 kg in the spring period, and up to 1,5 kg in the summer-autumn and ninetieth period in an area of ​​2 hundred square meters. Depending on the slope of the soil, three or four rows of ribbons are planted on 70-90 cm rows. The seeds are buried in the soil to a depth of 1,5–2 cm. After sowing, the seeds are mixed with the husk.

Care.
For planting onions in the spring, the furrows are removed in the fall. In the summer-autumn and nineties, onions are planted after the middle, summer vegetables, potatoes and grain. Onions are pruned two or three times, first when the plants reach a height of 6–8 cm, and the second time when they become a commodity. Weeds are removed by loosening the rows to a depth of 15–16 cm. Fertilization. Onion is a root vegetable with a root system located mainly near the top of the soil. Therefore, it requires a lot of essential nutrients in the upper part of the earth. On gray soils, an average of 10 kg of nitrogen, 30 kg of phosphorus and 22 kg of potassium should be applied for every 9 sots. Grass and meadow-swamp soils require 25 kg of nitrogen, 20 kg of phosphorus and 8 kg of potassium. Grasses with low salinity and low soil quality should be given 32 kg of nitrogen, 22 kg of phosphorus and 10 kg of potassium when growing onions on bare soils.

Irrigation.
The water requirement of the crop increases especially during the period of germination and onion head formation. Only at the end of the growing season and when the onion heads are ripe does the plant's need for water decrease slightly. In late spring and early summer, in areas with deep gray soils, onions are watered every 7–10 days. Once the bulbs are fully formed, the crop is watered twice at intervals of 12–14 days, and irrigation is stopped one month before harvest. In areas close to groundwater, onions should be watered 7–9 times during the growing season.

Disease and pest control.
In the fight against onion flies, tobacco thrips, autumn nightshade and other pests Karate 10% em.k. (5–30 ml), Mospilan 40% n.kuk. (25–25 ml), treated with 30% Bordeaux fluid (1–6 kg / ha of copper sulfate) against diseases such as dew, root rot, mosaic, jaundice, arthritis, processed in 8–10 days. Topaz 15% em.k. (10–12,5 ml) or Kurzat R n.kuk. It is recommended to spray the mixture (15–200 g) in 250 liters of water. Harvesting. Onion heads are considered ripe when the onion stalks lie down. Onion heads are dug up or harvested with the stem.

Economic efficiency.
10 soums are spent on 1,4 kg of onion seeds for 180 hundred square meters. The total cost is 1684600 soums. The price of the harvest is 800 million soums per kilogram at the lowest price of 4 soums. It will cost 400 thousand soums. Then 10 mln. A net profit of 2 soums is available.