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National model of personnel training
Plan:
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The essence of fundamental restructuring of personnel training system in the Republic of Uzbekistan
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National personnel training
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Pedagogical technologies as an independent field of pedagogy.
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Development of pedagogical technologies.
Basic concepts: National program, National model, individual, state, society, independent education, science, production, pedagogical technologies, teacher's tasks, responsibility, duty, initiative, entrepreneurship. the right to engage in pedagogical activities, requirements for the teacher. pedagogical work, study, study, research..
The government of Uzbekistan, personally, the Honorable President Islam Abdug'anievich Karimov, from the first days of our republic's independence, especially in recent years, has carried out exemplary work on issues of spirituality and enlightenment and improving the education system and bringing it into line with world standards. are increasing.
The adoption of the National Personnel Training Program and the Law "On Education" at the 1997th session of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan (August 29, XNUMX) is a clear proof of our opinion. These important documents are prospective in nature, and we all know how important they are in improving the education system of our country. It should be noted that the work carried out on the reform of education during the past period is the initial progress in their implementation.
Laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Education" and "National Program of Personnel Training" create the normative basis of the National model of personnel training, the method and mechanism of its implementation.
Structural components of the national model of personnel training; individual, state and society, independent education, production, the main goal of which is the training of competitive highly qualified personnel.
The individual is the main consumer of the personnel training system, as well as the creator of general education services. As a consumer of general education services, a person is guaranteed quality education and vocational training within the framework of State educational standards.
As a provider of educational services, the person, after acquiring a suitable level of qualification, is engaged in teaching his knowledge and experience to the new generation in the process of education, material production, science, culture and household service.
Each person is formed as a Person only through education, social upbringing and spiritual maturity, profession - vocational training system.
As a result, a person becomes socially mature, that is, he enters into his task and independent relations.
The guarantor of the functioning and development of the state and society personnel training system, the national model appears as a regulator of the activity of all subjects.
State and society;
— citizens' right to education, their career choice and professional development opportunities;
— studying in academic lyceums and professional — vocational colleges — compulsory general study giving the right to choose the direction of study, special, professional — vocational education:
— the right to receive information at higher and higher levels on the basis of state grants or on the basis of a paid contract;
— financial support of state educational institutions;
— development of public management in relation to solving the issues of providing students with study, living and recreation conditions;
— social support of the participants of the educational process;
- pedagogic staff of educational institutions, parents (or their legal guardians) in order to increase the responsibilities for education, life and health protection of children and adolescents. guarantees.
The third important component of the national model is continuing education;
Continuing education is the basis of personnel training system, it is a priority field that ensures the social and economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan and satisfies the economic, social, scientific, technical and cultural needs of the individual, society and the state.
Continuous education creates the conditions necessary for the formation of a creative, socially active, spiritually rich person and the training of highly qualified competitive personnel.
The continuous education system operates on the basis of state educational standards, on the basis of consistency of educational programs at different levels, and includes the following types of education.
Pre-school education:
General Secondary Education:
Secondary special, vocational education:
Higher education:
Post-graduate education
Training and retraining of personnel:
Extracurricular Education:
The fourth component of the National model of personnel training is science. This includes the following qualities of science.
— Centralization of the most important new scientific results for the formation, study, wide dissemination and use of new fundamental and practical knowledge on the laws of development of nature and society.
— training of highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel:
- creation of scientific - research infrastructure of personnel training process, formation of databases for use in educational - information networks in various fields:
- integration of the country's science with the world science, establishment of international scientific achievements and exchange of personnel to solve the most important problems of modern science and technology.
Another important component of the national model is production.
Performing the functions of customer and consumer in the production personnel training system, actively participates in the process of training, retraining and upgrading of personnel at the required high levels and for the relevant fields.
The needs of production form a social order for personnel training, determine the purpose, task and content of training for a profession. Promotes qualification requirements, defines conditions for selection of new technologies and forms of training. As a production manager, he evaluates the quality, level and competitiveness of the personnel training system in general.
Reforming the content of education and bringing it into line with world educational standards, special attention has been paid to the introduction of advanced pedagogical technologies. In particular, the need to "provide the educational process with advanced pedagogical technologies" is also indicated in the National Personnel Training Program.
Critical problems in the development of independent Uzbekistan: studying the thousand-year-old values and pedagogical heritage of our people and nationalizing the educational process, ensuring the priority of spirituality in the development of society and improving the theory and practice of spiritual education; instilling the national ideology, national idea into the minds of young people, developing a new content and methodology of patriotic education; Creating an educational system in line with world standards, popularizing advanced pedagogical experiences, preparing pedagogical personnel for educational work based on the requirements of the current era, arming with pedagogical technology, has become an urgent task of pedagogic science.
National program of personnel training in Uzbekistan, fundamental reform of education, introduction of advanced pedagogical technologies; The dependence of education on "advanced pedagogical technologies, creation of modern teaching-methodical complexes and didactic provision of educational process" is shown. It is known that the National Program is implemented step by step. The first stage (1997-2001) was to create legal, scientific-methodical, and financial material conditions for the reform and development of the existing personnel training system "... including the training of pedagogues and scientific-pedagogical personnel and organizing their professional development at a level that meets the requirements of the time ".
Second stage: (2002-2005) Full realization of the national program8, development of the labor market and clarification of it taking into account the real socio-economic conditions, "Continuing to strengthen the material, technical and information base of educational institutions, o "The educational process is provided with high-quality educational literature and advanced pedagogical technology."
The third stage: (2005 and later years) the accumulated experiences are analyzed. Based on their generalization, improvement and further development of the personnel training system in accordance with the country's socio-economic development prospects is envisaged.
Resources, personnel and information bases of educational institutions will be further strengthened, the educational process will be fully provided with new educational and methodological complexes, advanced pedagogical technologies. Here we see that pedagogical technology is an important tool for the implementation of the National Program.
Pedagogical technology was widely used in the United States of America in the 60s, and in other developed countries in the 70s and 80s.
In the international conference of UNESCO in 1996, it is scientifically based that pedagogical technology is important in increasing the spiritual economic potential of the country and intensification of education.
In the period before the acceleration of scientific and technical development, the products produced were not distinguished by their high precision and quality. Therefore, warranty repair periods were established for products, and warranty repairs were carried out at the expense of manufacturing enterprises. In these conditions, the traditional education system met the demands of production. With the change of production conditions, the quality of experts trained on the basis of traditional pedagogy could not meet the requirements.
In a situation where the mass of education is growing, the quality level of the training of most of the personnel began to lag far behind the rate of growth of the quality of the produced products, that is, the scientific and technical development.
In the conditions of the rapid development of science, technology and technology, the following requirements are imposed on the education system:
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a) development of skills for individual and independent work, working with scientific and technical information;
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b) original and non-standard decisions, diligence - development of abilities;
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c) individualization of teaching (due to different learning abilities);
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g) formation of mobility of knowledge, adaptability in critical thinking and dexterity to the rapidly changing conditions of creativity and production.
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The described, on the one hand, confirms the necessity of pedagogical technology, on the other hand, it shows that it is a product of the acceleration of scientific and technical progress. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the impact of new sciences that appear in connection of 2...3 and more disciplines on the acceleration of scientific and technical progress. Pedagogical technology is also one of the new sciences emerging from the connection of two disciplines - "pedagogy" and "technology". Pedagogical technology has created an opportunity to provide personnel training at the level of the requirements of personnel training at the level of students with the acceleration of scientific and technical development. Components of pedagogical technology also appear based on the requirements of the relevant period.
It is concluded that "Pedagogical technology is a system of methods for optimizing educational forms, technical and human capabilities, and their mutual cooperation in the overall process of learning knowledge."
Bureaucratic pedagogy based on communist ideology, which ruled for a long time, blocked the ways of scientific approach to the educational process. It was forbidden to use the experience of developed countries.
If the National program of personnel training in Uzbekistan is an honor of independence, one of the main scientific and methodological factors of its implementation is new pedagogical technology. Pedagogical technology items — optimal design, modeling system, mechanism of educational process. That is, the educational system based on pedagogical laws is an effective and popular mechanism. Popularity of pedagogical technology differs from individual skill in that it is based on science. Teaching new pedagogical technology purpose: — Designing the educational process based on the existing pedagogical laws and specific conditions of the future specialties consists in choosing effective methods and tools.
Course task: — to provide future teachers with theoretical knowledge about pedagogical technology, advanced pedagogical technology of technologically advanced countries, experiences of implementation of the National program of personnel training in Uzbekistan:
- designing the pedagogical process;
- formation of skills and competences of the goal, content and optimal methods of education;
- consists in developing pedagogical diagnostic skills.
Pedagogical technology purpose - ensures the necessary efficiency of the educational process in the conditions of mass education and guarantees the achievement of the intended results of the study by students.
Pedagogical technology main task - creation of an educational process that ensures sufficient effectiveness of teaching "ordinary" pedagogues in the conditions of public education.
Pedagogical technology items – is the educational process itself.
Pedagogical technology object - are components of the educational process.
Of course, the new pedagogical technology is based on the existing laws of the educational process, the specific features of our country's development, and the experiences of historical development. The creation of pedagogical technology is based on the principles of nationalism and humanity, humanism and democracy, creativity and initiative.
Pedagogical technology has a special place in the scientific-methodical training of future teachers. After acquiring excellent knowledge and skills in the theory and history of pedagogy, the science of pedagogical technology or new pedagogical technology is studied. So, pedagogy is studied in connection with the science of technology, pedagogy, pedagogical skills, psychology, mathematical modeling, the program of the science of pedagogical technology is in three directions:
The theoretical basis of pedagogical technology is focused on the formation of history and practical skills.
The essence of pedagogical technology is to encourage students to learn more independently, abandoning the traditional method of teaching, teaching by the teacher, giving ready-made knowledge to students. In this case, the teacher acts as a manager of students' cognitive activities, a consultant, a person who leads to the final result. The effectiveness of the pedagogical technology is that different teachers in a certain subject (specialty) achieve the same (almost the same) final result. will have the opportunity. This is extremely important for us, Uzbekistan's pedagogues, in the present era, when all educational institutions are tasked with training specialists who meet the requirements of the unified state education standard.
Creating a repeatable pedagogical process is a much more complicated process compared to production. This is hindered by the diversity of educational (educational) issues, the diversity of educational content and educational material, the dependence of knowledge acquisition on the individual characteristics of students, and other factors. All styles, forms and models created to improve the learning process are effective only in the hands of their owner. Even so, as a result of the research on creating a unified, effective approach to the educational process, the research of the great pedagogues of the USA B. Bloom, D. Kratvol, N. Gronlund, J. Carroll, J. Block, L. Andersen and others As a result, a pedagogical technology was created that is repeatable and guarantees the final result.
Its essence is the clarity of the learning goal and the ability of the student to master each learning unit (module) in a strictly defined sequence and perform independent activities in order to achieve it. According to the results of scientific research, students learn only 5% of the material when a continuous lecture is given, while this indicator is 90% when teaching each other and learning independently (People's education limi. 1999. No. 4 - 9 pp.).
Thus, the subject of pedagogical technology is the design of the educational process and professional training system. Systematic approach includes all the main aspects of the training system - from the definition of the goal and the design of the training process, to the verification of the effectiveness of the new training system, its testing and popularization. It is the reproducibility of its procedures and the idea of applying them to the full educational process, which ultimately leads to the process not being dependent on the "live teacher". Indeed, if the learning process is completely repetitive, divided into separate scenes (episodes), the task of the teacher is to organize learning with pre-structured (not necessarily self-composed) material. and continues to act as a consultant.
QUESTIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS FOR STUDENT SELF-CHECK.
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Provide an understanding of the National Model of personnel training and its components
2. At what stage of staff training is pedagogical technology fully introduced?
3. What is the subject of pedagogical technology?
4. What are the tasks of pedagogical technology?
5. When and how did UNESCO come to the conclusion about advanced pedagogical technology?
LIST OF REFERENCES USED.
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A healthy generation is the foundation of Uzbekistan's development.-T: "Sharq" publishing house, 1997.
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Karimov IA Uzbekistan's own path of independence and development.- T: Uzbekistan, 1992.-78 p.
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Karimov IA Let the ideology of our society serve to make the nation a nation and the nation a nation.-T: Uzbekistan, 1998.-30 p.
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Karimov IA Uzbekistan is striving for the 1999st century: the speech of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan IA Karimov at the fourteenth session of the Oliy Majlis of the First Convocation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. April 14, 1999.-T.: Uzbekistan, 48.-XNUMX p.
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N. Azizkhojaeva. Pedagogical technology and pedagogical skills. TDPU named after T. Nizami. 2006
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Madyarova SA et al. Pedagogical technology and pedagogical skill.- T.: ECONOMY-FINANCE, 2009, 240 p.
ADDITIONAL LITERATURE RO 'YXATI
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Sayidahmedov N. New pedagogical technologies. T. "Finance" publishing house, 2003. - 171 p.
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Opening. New pedagogical technologies. Opposite. "Nasaf" 2000-80 b.
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Talipova JO, G'furov AT Technologies of biology education: methodological guide for biology teachers of secondary special and vocational educational institutions. - T.: Teacher, 2002.
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Tolipov, M. Usmanbayeva. pedagogical technology: theory and practice. T. "Science". 2005.
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O'. Tolipov. Pedagogical technologies of development of general labor and professional skills and qualifications in the system of higher pedagogical education. T. "Fan".-167 p. 2004
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O'. Tolipov, M. Usmonboeva. Pedagogical technology: theory and practice. T. "Science". 2005 - 205 p.
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Ghafarova, A. Gurbanov, E. Godfrey. Advanced technologies of education. Opposite "Nasaf". 2003.-112 p.
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BL Advanced pedagogical technologies. T., 2001
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Choriev A. New pedagogical technologies. Text of lectures, Karshi 2000.
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Farberman B. Advanced educational technologies - T.: 1999.