Organization and management of small business and entrepreneurial activities

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Organization and management of small business and entrepreneurial activities, marketing activities and planning in the field

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1. The procedure for establishing and state registration of small businesses and entrepreneurial enterprises and the procedure for issuing a license

2. Purpose and tasks of managing small business and entrepreneurship

3. The importance of marketing in small business and entrepreneurial activity

4. Importance, nature and content of the business plan in the development of small business and entrepreneurial activity

Procedure for establishment and state registration of small business and entrepreneurial enterprises

Organization of small business and entrepreneurial enterprises consists of several stages. The sequence of these steps is shown in Figure 1.

Procedure for establishing small business and entrepreneurial enterprises

Determining the composition of the founders and developing the founding documents		Conclusion of an agreement by the founders on the organization of the enterprise and its activities		Approval of the company's charter and drawing up of minutes		Opening a temporary bank account		Enterprise registration
Preparation of information about the enterprise for inclusion in the state register		Full deposit of deposits of enterprise participants in the bank		Opening a permanent bank account		Registration of the enterprise at the district tax inspectorate		Obtaining a permit for the manufacture of round seals and angular stamps and their preparation

 

Figure 1.

When establishing a new enterprise, the composition of the founders is determined, and the founding documents are developed, that is, the Charter of the enterprise, the founders' agreement on the establishment of the enterprise, and other normative documents. At the same time, the report No. 1 of the meeting of participants on the appointment of the head of the enterprise and the chairman of the audit commission will be formalized. Then a temporary bank account will be opened.

The stock exchange, audit firms and enterprises with foreign investment are registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The following documents are submitted to the competent registration authorities for the state registration of the enterprise:

— founders' application for enterprise registration;

— two copies of founding documents certified by notary offices (enterprise charter, founding agreement of the enterprise);

— a document confirming the address of the enterprise;

— a document issued by the bank on the payment of the state duty;

— a certificate issued by the competent authorities on the name of the enterprise;

— a triplicate sample of a seal and stamp.

The enterprise must be registered with the state within 7 to 30 working days from the time of submitting the application by attaching the necessary documents to the local authorities and management agencies. The information on the state registration of the enterprise shall be reported to the State Statistics Committee within 10 days for inclusion in the unified state register of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The enterprise is established from the date of state registration. For the state-registered enterprise: a copy of the extract from the decision of the authority on the state registration of the enterprise, the Charter of the enterprise registered and approved by the authority, and the registration of the enterprise a state warrant will be submitted.

After state registration and permission for business activity, the management of the enterprise:

— to order a round seal and stamp;

- opening a bank account;

— registration from the tax inspectorate;

— registration of the population from the social protection fund;

— must register at the employment center.

Before ordering the preparation of a round seal and stamp, the head of the enterprise must submit to the internal affairs department of the district where the enterprise is located, an extract from the decision of the authority on the registration of the enterprise, two copies of the seal and stamp drawings approved by the authority. The Department of Internal Affairs issues permission in the form of a separate letter. And the drawings are approved with the necessary records and confirmed with a seal.

Procedure for registration of small business entities from banking, tax and financial institutions

The following documents are required to open a bank account:

— application of the head of the enterprise;

— founding documents approved by the authorities;

— samples of signatures certified by a notary;

— cards certified with a seal and stamp;

— an extract from the decision of the local council of the authority that the enterprise has been state registered or a certificate certified by a notary;

— certificate of registration from the tax authority.

After that, the banking institution opens an account number for the applicant, writes his number on the original copy of the Charter of the enterprise, and the signature of the chief accountant is put, and the bank's emblem seal is printed.

After state registration, all business entities must apply to the tax authority for a list (identification) number within 10 days from the date of state registration. The tax payer's identification number is given to taxpayers and legal entities by the tax authority on the basis of the information filled out in the business entity registration form. Registration of business entities at the State Tax Inspectorate is carried out once and is canceled only in connection with the cessation of business activities. must show. At the final stage of the creation of a new enterprise, participants make full deposits (no later than one year after registration), open a permanent bank account, the enterprise is registered at the district tax inspectorate, its circular seal and will have an angular stamp. From this moment on, the enterprise begins to operate as an independent legal entity.

 Licensing procedure for small business and entrepreneurial enterprises

It is allowed to engage in certain types of business activities only after obtaining a license from the state-represented bodies. Licensing authorities are listed in Table 3.2.1. The license is issued based on the application of the person interested in managing the enterprise, accompanied by a copy of the founding documents. After submitting the necessary documents and the application, a decision is made to issue a license within 30 days. If expertise is required to make the necessary decision to issue a license, this expertise will be carried out by the state authorities whose task is to control. A decision is made no later than 15 days after the expert opinion is received, after the application and necessary documents are submitted within 60 days. In this case, the applicant shall pay the costs incurred for the examination.

Table 3.2.1. Licensing authorities

Licensing authorities	Type of activity
Cabinet of Ministers	- rocket-space complex; - communication systems; -precious metals; - mining of precious stones; - making jewelry from precious stones and metals; - sports and other activities.
Ministry of justice	- to engage in legal activities of legal entities, for example, legal advice, notary office, etc.
Ministry of Finance	-issuance of securities; - conducting lottery games and others.
Central Bank	- transactions with currency values; - opening commercial banks, etc.
Ministry of Internal Affairs	- production, repair and sale of hunting and sporting firearms and ammunition; - production and sale of cold weapons; -planting, processing and sale of crops containing narcotic substances; -preparation, sale of narcotics, etc .
Ministry of Health	- production and sale of pharmacological preparations; - providing medical services; - production of perfumery and cosmetics, household chemical products, etc.
Public education, Ministries of Higher and Secondary Special Education	- health promotion and organization of children, teenagers and youth camps; -opening of private educational institutions and others.
Postal and Telecommunications Agency of Uzbekistan	Providing communication services.

The license is made in two copies, signed by the person responsible for issuing the document, stamped with the seal of the issuing body, and handed over to the applicant in one copy.

The license shall state the following:

— the name of the institution issuing the license;

— the name and address of the legal entity or the name and residence of the person carrying out business activities;

— the type of activity for which the license is granted;

— rules and conditions of activity implementation;

— list number, time and duration of the license.

If the entrepreneur violates the laws and regulations specified in the license or the current laws during the implementation of the permitted activities, as well as engages in activities that endanger the lives of the population, then the institution that issued the license has the right to deprive the entrepreneur of the right to use the license. If the business activity is terminated or the entrepreneur is deprived of the right to use the license, then the license will be withdrawn by the institution that issued the license.

2. The purpose and tasks of managing small business and entrepreneurship

Creating an appropriate structure of enterprise management is one of the important tasks that an entrepreneur must solve. The management structure of the enterprise is understood as a set of various management bodies and links that implement management goals and perform functions. Management structure is also referred to as production structure. In this case, the initial and determining factor of management organization is the production process. It consists of interconnected main, auxiliary and service processes, which require the division of labor between departments and employees. For this purpose, production departments and their specific management apparatus will be created. The sum of departments, their structure and forms of interaction make up the production structure of enterprises.

A management unit is an independent department that performs some or a number of management functions. Connections and connections between these departments will be horizontal in nature.

A management level is a link that operates at a certain level of the hierarchy. For example:

Ministry > association > enterprise > workshop > section

Hierarchies of management show the consistent subordination of one management link to another, usually a lower management link to a higher management link. This is a vertical division. The composition of all links and levels, their mutual subordination, the rights and duties of each management body and link, and the relations between them constitute the management system. Dividing the management system into different aspects can: manage the entire network; management of enterprises owned by each branch; management of departments within enterprises, etc Development stages of the enterprise (firm). In the early stages of his career, a businessman faces a number of problems. One of these is self-employment status. At the same time, a businessman should study the market situation, demand and supply. In addition, it is necessary for him to know what obstacles and limits he will face and what benefits he can get. In this way, the general conditions of investment are determined. Such information is open and available in the press, statistical information, and legislative documents. Such information can also be obtained from authorities. After determining the direction of business, the businessman determines the specialization of his enterprise. For this, it is necessary to determine the possibilities of future consumers, to have all the information about competitors. It is important to choose the form of activity, i.e. individual or collective business. When choosing an individual form, a businessman voluntarily takes risks. When the work fails, the owner is responsible for the company's obligations and compensates for the damage at the expense of his property. When the team form is chosen, the entrepreneur shares responsibility with other participants of the enterprise. When using this form, the risk is reduced, besides, it will be possible to attract additional resources. At the next stage, the production base will be formed. Businesses must rent production and warehouse, equipment, purchase raw materials and materials, semi-finished products, fittings, hire labor. The enterprise establishes relations with equipment manufacturers, suppliers of raw materials and materials, intermediary firms. Necessary workers can be attracted by labor exchanges and advertisements. Attracting financial means is one of the important steps. In the early stages of his career, a businessman will not have enough financial resources to start work. The lack of funds can be eliminated by issuing shares, that is, partially transferring the rights to the company's capital and income to others, by obtaining loans from commercial banks. In this case, the enterprise begins to interact with legal entities and individuals, commercial banks that buy shares or debt obligations. Bank loans can be short-term, medium-term and long-term. In the process of transition to market relations, the form of short-term lending is widely used by banks. Bank lending to enterprises is related to various insurance operations. Buildings, material reserves and other property belonging to the enterprise can be insured.

When buying or selling shares, bonds and other securities, companies turn to the stock market, that is, the securities market. The number of organizations with which the enterprise communicates will be very large. Various stock exchanges, credit-financial institutions, investment funds, and individual investors take the leading place among them. Organization of the management body of the enterprise. One of the main problems of a newly established enterprise is to create an active organism. Within it, workers should clearly understand the goals of their activity and ways to achieve them. If the new enterprise does not become a well-functioning and well-managed production, it will fail, and neither the large capital involved, nor the high quality of the product, nor even the demand for it will help. According to New York University Business School professor Peter Drucker, management in a new enterprise requires:

— focus on something in the market;

— to be able to anticipate the development of processes related to planning and arrangement of cash;

— to form the top management link before the need for it.

If the product is intended to be used for certain purposes, it finds its place in the market. At the same time, the introduced innovations shape new types of markets. For example, for many years copying was not used in all jobs. After the "Xerox" company invented and released the photocopier to the market, this news became very widespread not only in the USA, but also in other countries of the world. It should be noted that the term "market research" is related to the concept of a dynamic process. P. Drucker gives an example related to the company "Univem". Around 1950, based on the scientific analysis of the market, it was assumed that by the year 2000, the number of computers will reach 1 thousand. But in 1984 itself, more than 1 million computers were sold. In the research conducted at that time, the prevailing opinion was that computers were used only for serious scientific work. The same thing happened with "Xerox" company. Because in the conducted studies, the idea that printing companies do not need copy machines was the main place. But no one thought that these tools will be needed in offices, schools, universities, and colleges. It can be concluded that when a new enterprise is established, its product or service finds its new consumers in unplanned markets. It is only necessary to change the traditional hardened business worldview. only If new consumers are interested in the product being released for a specific purpose, the company should pay serious attention to this interest and analyze it. If the disconnection from the market is a "disease" for new enterprises at the initial stage, the financial factor, that is, conducting an incorrect financial policy, poses a serious risk in the later stages of the development of such enterprises. The problem is that when entrepreneurs start new businesses, they are primarily looking for big profits. However, at the beginning, the main focus should be on finding a source of financing for production, development, activity, and arrangement of cash flow. A new enterprise can only develop if it is provided with additional capital, that is, business cannot be done without financial management. Creating a top management system or a special management team is important in the development and success of the enterprise. This group should start its work by analyzing the production and economic activity of its enterprise. They need to determine the directions that determine the success of the enterprise, and set goals and objectives. The head of the enterprise should cooperate with his employees, show confidence in them and work without relaxing the demand. A leader must always be a leader. Determining the areas of effective use of one's strengths and abilities is one of the factors of managing a new enterprise. Along with the development and progress of a new enterprise, the duties of entrepreneurs also change. Many businessmen are always unable to understand the changes taking place and do not know what to do in the new conditions. In this situation, an entrepreneur should ask himself questions such as: "What are my abilities and interests?" is important. For example, Edwin Land, the inventor of the Polaroid camera, led his company for 13 years. Under his leadership, the company developed very quickly. After analyzing the situation, E.Lend realized that after a certain time he could not manage the company himself, this work should be managed by professionals. He himself began to engage in scientific research, that is, he switched to activities in a more fruitful field. E.Lend built a laboratory for himself, managed fundamental research carried out in the company, entrusted the operational management of the company to specially trained specialists.

The essence and priority of franchising. Franchising has been widely used in privileged business in recent years. In this form of business, a franchisor (usually a large parent company) undertakes to provide a small firm or businessman with goods, advertising services, and business technologies in a specified area. In return, the firm (franchisee) undertakes to provide management and marketing services to the company (franchisor) and invest some of its capital in this company. Usually, the franchisor undertakes to work only with the company - the franchisor, and tries to obey its instructions in business. The franchisee's enterprise operates as part of the system organized by the franchisor. Currently, more than half a million companies in the United States are engaged in privileged business activities. Their share is increasing compared to independent enterprises. In order to spread the franchise, the owners of large firms hold exhibitions from time to time. The purpose of this is to attract people to engage in preferential business. This type of business is gas stations (32%), trade in cars and trucks (6%), fast food service in restaurants and food (7%). spread widely in business. The main priority of franchising is the specific specialization of the businesses that have entered into a deal. The support of a large firm reduces the commercial risk of franchising. The parent company conducts training and constantly monitors the operation of the franchisee-enterprise. At the same time, the system is not without some shortcomings. Its main disadvantage is partial loss of independence. The franchisee is bound by a legal agreement with the parent company, is subject to its legal requirements, and follows the business practices described in the instructions of the franchisor company. This, in turn, leads to loss of initiative.

A leader's management style means a set of methods for solving problems arising in the management process.

The following different management methods are used in small business and entrepreneurship:

1. Being intolerant of shortcomings in economic affairs.

2. Care about the team and each of its employees.

3. Organization of highly cultured management.

4. The leader's ability to minimize innovation.

There are several steps to managing a small business. Examples of them are two-step, three-step and multi-step management. In the management of small business activities, the two-step method taken from the world practice and considered the most effective, that is, the leader-executive method, is widely used. The effectiveness of this method lies in its simplicity and the fact that the relationship between the executive and the leader is directly connected. Here, high efficiency of control is achieved. As the number of steps increases, the control efficiency decreases.

3. Importance of marketing in small business and entrepreneurial activities

Marketing is an effective tool and basis of small business and entrepreneurship in decision-making and development of small business and entrepreneurship. The emergence of marketing elements dates back to the middle of the XNUMXth century. Until this period, various forms of natural exchange of goods appeared, and later the development of the first elements of marketing activities, namely advertising, price, sales, etc. was observed. The concept of marketing is related to any activities of the market sector, therefore the translation and origin of the word marketing is given (eng. Market - market, ing - means active, activity, movement). Marketing is not only a philosophy, a way of thinking and a direction of economic thinking, but also a practical activity for certain firms, companies, networks and the entire economy.

Below are the main categories of marketing.

A need is a feeling that a person lacks something.

A need is a Need for a special form based on the cultural level of an individual.

Demand is a need with purchasing power.

A product is anything that can satisfy a need or need and is offered to the market for the purpose of attracting attention, buying, using or consuming.

The essence of marketing is the production and service of goods in accordance with the needs of consumers and the targeting of demand and production possibilities. In this case, effective use of active marketing is important. In this regard, as the President of our country, I.Karimov, stated, "... In the future, we should get rid of the practice of exporting raw Asian resources, whose prices have fallen sharply on the world market, as soon as possible, actively increase the export of ready-made competitive products, and further expand the geography of the countries to which these products are delivered." In this regard, it is necessary to find new markets, new transport corridors, in a word, conduct a foreign economic policy based on active marketing." Marketing embodies a philosophical way of thinking.

In general, we can define marketing as follows: marketing is a type of human activity aimed at satisfying needs and needs through exchange. One of the main reasons for the emergence of marketing is the increase in the volume of production, the emergence of new industries, the increase in the types of goods, and the problem of product sales among entrepreneurs.

Marketing teaches:

• market research;

• share it;

• placement of goods;

• conduct marketing policy;

• commodity policy;

• price policy;

• distribution policy;

• transfer (forwarding) policy;

• upgrade, additional services (Plus) — (this may include brand, after-sales service, warranty and technical support, delivery, assortment, personal consumption, etc.).

            Marketing is a way of working of enterprises in the market, a market methodology, methods, tools, procedures for studying consumers and their needs, creating goods suitable for them, setting prices, delivering goods, presenting, selling, and organizing services. -is a set of rules.

            Basic principles of marketing:

• know the market;

• adapt to it;

• influence the market.

In conclusion, the following basic principles arise from the essence and goals of marketing:

• the consumer-oriented principle, that is, the consumer is the shock;

• perspective-oriented principle, that is, the activity of the subject must be perspective-oriented;

• a principle aimed at achieving the final indicator, that is, increasing market share, profit, etc.

Market segmentation is important in the marketing management system, and the study of market demand or, in the words of marketers, "consumer analysis" is the first step in the analysis of the market situation. It is divided into three components: market segmentation; study the reasons for consumer demand; identifying unmet needs. Market segmentation is based on a stratified approach to demand satisfaction, the use of different criteria for dividing consumers into groups with different demands according to the type, quality and quantity of goods, that is, the market is not a homogeneous phenomenon, but individual segments It is carried out in the form of a complex, in the form of an event in which a specific demand is manifested within each segment. In the market, the requirements of buyers for a certain product are diverse, each buyer has his own taste. Information about the customer's demand, desire, desire, lifestyle, and behavior in purchasing goods creates opportunities to develop and implement effective marketing activities. That is, market segmentation ensures that goods are offered in accordance with the needs of customers and the demand for goods is fixed. So, the division of customers into groups based on their behavior, demand and attitude towards goods is called market segmentation. The choice of segmentation criteria depends in many ways on the type of goods or services, as well as on the issue that the company wants to solve in the market activity. The selection criteria for industrial goods and consumer goods are very different. An acceptable criterion that is very suitable for planning purposes may not correspond at all to the issues of placing the product in the market. If a certain criterion does not allow to explain the differences between buyers, then it is necessary to introduce another criterion and continue research until these differences are clearly identified.

By segmenting the market, the business entity pursues the following goals:

• taking into account the needs and demands of consumers as much as possible;

• ensuring the competitiveness of goods (services) and economic entities;

• optimization of costs of the economic entity;

• increase the effectiveness of the marketing strategy of the business entity;

• moving to segments that are neutral from competitors.

            The main purpose of segmentation is to study market behavior and imagine their image (model) and future needs and requirements. The main goal of marketing research was determined by the objective reasons and necessity of its emergence, formation and development, and its purpose was ultimately aimed at solving broad and complex issues. It is to bring high profits to the enterprises and organizations that created it, in case of adjusting the production to the customer's needs and achieving the balance of supply and demand. In the development of marketing programs, a system of resources and measures to achieve the intended goal of the enterprise and control its implementation is formed based on the targeted approach.

The content of the marketing program (business plan) of the enterprise (firm) is as follows:

• Analysis of the company's capabilities (case analysis).

• Activities, conditions, resources, directions for effective results. Comparing the internal and external environment of the enterprise.

• Determination of development goals. (Marketing synthesis).

• Identifying priority goals of production and social development and ways to achieve profit in the market.

• Strategy development.

• Determination of the long-term goal aimed at effective use of material, labor and financial resources of the enterprise (choice of market segments, marketing tool, market entry time, etc.).

• Develop a plan.

• A system for planning the costs and results of production, finance, pricing, personnel, advertising, sales, etc.

• Controlling.

Strategic control (matching the chosen principle to the specific market situation). Annual control (implementation of planned activities and expenses), profit control.

4. Description of the importance and main sections of the business plan in the development of small business and entrepreneurial activity

Feasibility study. When organizing an enterprise related to production activities, it is appropriate to develop the technical and economic justification of the enterprise. The following should be included in the feasibility study:

Analysis of the demand for goods intended for production.

Production indicators:

1. a) availability of required design, technological and other documents;

2. b) production program;

3. c) availability of machines, equipment and devices necessary for the implementation of the program;

4. g) availability of production facilities or their design;

5. d) availability of basic production funds;

e) effectiveness of certain types of products or services;

1. or) amount of depreciation payments.

2. Financial indicators:

3. a) income intended to be received from the sale of products or services;

4. b) material and other costs equivalent to it;

5. c) payments to the budget;

6. g) net income;

7. d) salary fund;

8. g) amount of other funds being established.

9. Social indicators:

10. a) estimated number of workers;

11. b) amount of expected salary;

12. c) the amount of sales per worker;

13. g) the possibility of using the labor of disabled people and pensioners.

Content of the business plan. A business plan plays an important role in the successful operation of an enterprise. The structure and content of the business plan are not strictly limited. In our opinion, a business plan with seven sections is the most optimal.

Let's take a closer look at this business plan:

The first section. In the business plan, "Goals and tasks of entrepreneurial activity" occupy a central place. The main goal of an entrepreneurial business is to make a profit. Before the implementation of the planned transaction, it is necessary to calculate the use of a large amount of money and how much profit this amount will bring. In this and in general, when creating a business plan, the time factor should always be taken into account. In other words, it is necessary to calculate how the profit will be distributed over time and how effective it will be in relation to inflation.

The second section. "Summary, main parameters and indicators of the business plan" has a generalizing nature and is a brief overview of the main idea and content of the business plan. It is created and determined during the development of the plan and is completed after the creation of the business plan. In the summary section, the following are presented: the project of the main goal (agreement); a brief description of the product to be produced, the plan to be drawn up, and their differences; ways and methods of achieving the set goals; project implementation deadlines; expenses related to its implementation; expected effect and outcome; the field of use of the obtained profit.

The third section. It is called "Description of the products, goods and services provided by the entrepreneur to the consumer" and the following is presented in it: indicators of the product produced by the entrepreneur or its description: description, model, photo, etc.; consumers of the goods produced by the businessman and the needs he wants to satisfy (prediction of the buyer's ability to purchase the goods; information about the area, population group, organizations that buy the goods; about the consumption of the goods within a certain period of time information, factors affecting the demand for goods); forecasting the selling price of a manufactured good.

Fourth section. The section "Analysis of the market situation, demand and sales volume" is a continuation of the study of demand and price forecasting. In this section, the volume of production and sales of goods are determined over time. In the process of preparing a business plan, market research, simulation and evaluation are based on the first assumption, on the one hand, and on the other hand, based on the preliminary agreement with the prospective buyer or trading organization. In the development of this section, it is necessary to know the existence of other businessmen, the presence of competitors, their opportunities and capabilities, as well as the price policy. In addition, the sales volume of the product, taking into account the competition, is included in the business plan.

Fifth section. "action program and organizational measures", the content of this section mostly depends on the type of business (production, trade, finance). The business action program includes: a) marketing actions (advertising, identifying the sales market, communicating with consumers, taking into account their demand); b) product production; c) purchase, storage, transportation, sale of goods (mainly related to commercial entrepreneurship); g) providing customer service during and after the sale of goods. Organizational activities are an integral part of program actions, and the management method of business plan execution; organizational structures of project management; covers the coordination method of executive actions. Establishment of a special form of wages, incentives, selection of personnel, their training, accounting, control work are included in the organizational activities.

Sixth section. "Resource supply of the transaction". This section provides information on the type and amount of resources needed for the implementation of a business project, the source and method of obtaining resources. Resource supply includes: material resources (materials, semi-finished products, raw materials, energy, facilities, equipment, etc.); labor resources; financial resources (current funds, capital investments, loans, securities); information resources (statistical, scientific and technical information).

Seventh section. "Effectiveness of the transaction". This section is the final part of the business plan, in which general details of the effectiveness of business activities are given. Among the general indicators of efficiency, the indicators of profit and profitability have a priority position. In addition, social and scientific-technical efficiency (acquiring new scientific results) is also taken into account. In this section, it is appropriate to analyze the long-term performance of business activities.

Justification of projects In the world practice, several general indicators are used in the preparation of the decision on the allocation of funds. They consist of:

• net present value;

• profitability;

• internal coefficient of efficiency;

• payback period of capital investments;

• maximum spending of money;

• harmlessness standards.

Net present value is sometimes referred to as economic integral efficiency. The net present value is the difference between the total revenue received from the sale of the product during the implementation of the project and all the expenses incurred during this period. Profitability is defined as the ratio of profit to capital investment or shareholder's capital. The profitability of the business project is calculated annually. Taxes are included here. The initial sales content of profitability, which equalizes the integrated efficiency to zero, is considered the internal coefficient of efficiency. If the internal coefficient of efficiency is not lower than the initial sales content, the project is considered efficient.

Review and discussion questions

1. What is the organizational structure of management?

2. Talk about the chain of command and its stages.

3. What do you mean by effective management in a company?

4. What is the essence of linear (step) structure?

5. What is the characteristic of functional structure?

6. What is the difference between management structures?

7. What do you mean by a leader's management style?

8. What management styles are used in small business and entrepreneurship?

9. What is the content of the concept of marketing?

10. What is the relationship and difference between the concept of marketing and the concept of entrepreneurship?

11. What is the purpose of marketing?

12. What do you mean by market segmentation?

13. How is marketing research organized?

14. What is the sequence of developing a marketing program in small business and entrepreneurship?

15. What are the stages of establishing a new enterprise?

16. What types of private businesses do you know you want to start?

17. What is the feasibility study (TIA) of the enterprise being established?

18. What is a business plan? Explain its content.

19. What is the structure of the business plan, what sections does it consist of?

20. What is the operation and management system of the enterprise to be established?

21. What are the management principles of the enterprise?

22. What are the advantages and disadvantages of franchising?