National traditions and holidays. "Do you know national costumes?"

SHARE WITH FRIENDS:

National traditions and holidays. "Do you know national costumes?"

The scientific purpose of the lesson: Information about Uzbek national traditions and holidays.

Increase their vocabulary. Introduction to Uzbek national traditions and examples of folklore.

Educational training

Purpose: creation of friendly relations and creative environment, patriotism

and the assimilation of humanitarian ideas.

Training developer

purpose: students' independent thinking skills and creativity

development of thinking, teaching ingenuity. Expressive reading

develop skills.

Classroom: holidays and national traditions, slides about national costumes, pictures, markers, Whatman paper

Teaching methods: conversation, practical methods

Mascourse of action:

Students: Assalamu alaykum

Teacher: Vaalaykum assalam, children,

Greetings are a great sign,

Hello everyone.

Is everyone healthy today?

Ready for training?

Students: We are all smart, intelligent,

Our readings are excellent.

We are all ready for training,

We will be agile and alert.

( slide show and the idea is taught to students)

1-slide

Then the method of "mental attack" is used.

Questions:

1. What do you mean by national traditions and holidays?

2. What national costumes do you know?

Handouts are given to each student. They first write national traditions and customs into the handout.

After that, each student will learn about national traditions and customs, national costumes and holidays.

Traditions and customs

The main distinctive features of the Uzbek family are hospitality and traditional respect for the elderly. Uzbeks usually live in large families of several generations, so they prefer large houses with more courtyards. The tea ceremony, which is part of the hospitality in everyday life, will be of great importance. In this case, it is only the absolute right of the host to make tea and pour it to the guests. Invitations to lunch or dinner were always accepted and arrived on time. It is good to take sweets for the children of the host with him when he comes as a guest.

Usually only men shake hands and ask. Women and those sitting farther away should be greeted with their right hand on their heart and their head bowed gently. During the handshake, they traditionally ask about a person’s health, the state of affairs at work and at home. In rural areas, when a guest arrives, women usually do not sit at the same table with them so as not to interrupt the conversation of the men. It is not acceptable to admire women’s beauty and take them seriously. Shoes are removed at the entrance to the living room. You have to sit in a place where the host shows up. In this case, the farther this place is from the entrance, the more respectable it will be.

Traditions

The traditions of the Uzbek people have been formed as a result of complex processes of harmonization of cultural skills and traditions of all tribes and ethnic groups that have participated in the formation of the Uzbek nation for centuries. They are very distinctive, bright, and diverse, and stem from patriarchal relations of descent. Most of the customs are related to family life and are related to the birth and upbringing of the child (cradle wedding, circumcision), marriage (blessing wedding, wedding). Since the adoption of Islam, many family traditions have changed under its influence, and Muslim religious ceremonies have entered the lives of Uzbeks. Friday is a holiday and on this day a general prayer (dua) is performed in all the congregational mosques.

Cradle wedding

B a door wedding is a ceremonial celebration in which the baby is placed in a crib for the first time. This is one of the oldest and most common ceremonies in Uzbekistan. Usually this wedding is held on the 7th, 9th, 11th day of the baby's birth. In different regions, the ceremony has its own characteristics and depends on the level of wealth of the family: self-sufficient families usually hold this wedding on a large scale, while poor families celebrate it modestly . All the necessary andoms for the crib and the baby are given by the relatives of the baby’s mother.

The table is surrounded by bread, sweets and toys. Gifts are prepared for the baby's parents and grandparents. Richly decorated cribs, tablecloths and gifts are placed in the vehicle and sent to the baby’s parents ’home, along with guests, to the sound of trumpets and drums. Traditionally, the cradle brought is first placed by the baby’s grandfather on his right shoulder, then passed to his son’s right shoulder, who gives the cradle to the baby’s mother. In the past, they used to put white flour on their faces to keep all the intentions of the guests clean and good. Guests are invited to a table set up at the hotel, and while guests eat, listen to the musicians, and feast, a ceremony is held in the adjoining room with the participation of the old women to put the child in a blanket and crib. At the end of the ceremony, guests come to see the baby, give him presents, and sprinkle buttermilk or sugar on top of the crib. At the end of the ceremony, the guests return home.

Holidays

The most important national holiday - Independence Day - is celebrated on September 1. Every year on December 8, 1992, the new Constitution of independent Uzbekistan is celebrated. as in many other countries, May 9 is Victory Day - the Day of Remembrance and Honor. The holiday associated with the end of fasting - Ramadan Eid and Eid al-Adha is widely celebrated. Eid al-Adha is one of the most important Muslim holidays. After performing the rituals and customs prescribed on this day, Muslims go to the guests or wait for the guest himself, help the sick, the lonely, have mercy on their relatives. Ramadan Eid is a holiday of spiritual and spiritual purification. It begins when a 9-day fast ends, which corresponds to the 30th month of the Muslim Hijri year, according to Islamic law. On these holidays it was customary to commemorate the dead, to visit the sick, the elderly, to do charity and other good deeds.

Navruz holiday

Navruz, the oldest national holiday, is celebrated on March 21, during the spring equinox. It was a celebration of the awakening of nature, the beginning of cultivation, and the ceremonies preserved the signs of Zoroastrianism. In the agricultural oases of ancient Uzbekistan, every spring, large festivals and festive markets are organized. According to tradition, "boorsok" is still cooked in the houses, and the ceremonial dish - "sumalak" is prepared. After the feast, the field work was usually started, during which various customs and rituals were performed in the past: before going out into the field, the horns and necks of the oxen were anointed. The first session will be held by the most respected and elderly member of the neighborhood. During the period of state independence, the celebration of Navruz has gained a new scale and depth. It has become a national holiday of friendship, unity of all peoples, brotherhood. Brightly colored theatrical performances show the philosophical and poetic interpretation of Navruz, its place in the history of the people.

 

Clothes

The uniqueness of indigenous clothing has long been determined by climatic, living conditions and tribal traditions. As early as the nineteenth century, clothing (coats, shirts, jackets) had archaic features: a wide, completely cut, long garment fell loose and hid the shapes of the human body. The clothes were sewn in one way: men’s, women’s, children’s clothes, summer and winter clothes would be similar in shape and tailoring, sewing. The traditional national men's clothing consisted of a loose-fitting warm coat tied with a belt - a robe, a hat called a doppi, and boots sewn from elegant leather. The men wore straight-cut jackets, bottoms and tops. The coat could be light or warm, with the addition of cotton. There were cuts to make it easier to walk past the coat and walk on the ground. The robe was usually tied with a belt-scarf. Festive national costumes were distinguished by the beauty and elegance of the fabrics they used every day, such as ornaments and embroidery.

The women's national costume consists of a robe, a comfortable shirt cut straight and sewn from khanatlas, and wide thin trousers with a narrow bottom. A woman’s hat consists of three main parts: a hat, a scarf, and a hat. festive women's clothing is distinguished by the elegance and beauty of the sewn fabrics.

The children's clothes were duplicated by the adults' clothes. In addition to their common features, the clothes of each district or tribe had different characteristics, such as the fabric used, the shape and method of tailoring, and so on.

Hat (skullcap)

One of the most popular and widespread forms of folk art in Uzbekistan has always been the doppi - a hard or soft hat with an adras. Doppi is an integral part of the Uzbek national costume and is deeply ingrained in the life and traditions of the Uzbek people. Doppi (from the Turkish top) is the national headdress not only of Uzbeks, but also of other Central Asian peoples. Doppies are divided according to types: for men, women, children, for the elderly. Older women do not wear this hat. Children's skullcaps (hats, caps, skullcaps, skullcaps) are distinguished by the variety and variety of fabrics, the size of the tassels and balloons, the abundance of embroidery, dice and tumors. The most common forms of Uzbek skullcaps are four-sided skullcaps with a slight conical shape. The doppies were sewn from layers of bikki or more fabric and sewn with silk or plain yarn. The finished skullcap was embroidered with silk, dice or silver thread. The art of doppi sewing was first learned by women. The most common patterns on doppies include floral patterns, an almond pattern that symbolizes life and fertility. The pattern of the serpent's footprint, which was considered a preservative in the pattern of the doppies, was also often sewn. Patterns in geometric shapes were also very popular. Doppies created in different districts differ in their shape, patterns and selected colors. Chust skullcaps are the most common in many districts of Uzbekistan. The most common type of chust doppia is sewn with four pepper-shaped white patterns on a black cloth, surrounded by domes in the lower row. There are three types of doppies - round, four-sided round doppies and elongated caps. Chust skullcaps are distinguished by the sharpness of the pattern (the almond kernel is full, the mustache is short and sharply turned) and the height of the lower edge. Other types of skullcaps of the Fergana Valley - "Sandali", "Akka iki sum", "Chimboy", "Surkachekma" and others are distinguished by the simplicity of patterns. Samarkand skullcaps are made in the style of "piltadozlik". There are other types of doppi, such as urgutcha "kalpok", Bukhara gold-embroidered doppi, shahrisabzcha "carpet doppi", Kitol and Shakhrisabz doppi "sanama" and "chizma", "taqya", "tayha" , «Chumakli», «kush» - men's and women's skullcaps of Khorezm. The most common patterns on the doppi are the pepper doppi (symbol of purity and renunciation of all fanatics), cross, feathers, nightingale, bird ornaments (symbol of supreme wisdom), rose horn (symbol of peace and beauty), sacred Arabic inscriptions and others were encountered.

 

Depending on the answers of students, different nominations are given: "The smartest student", "The smartest student", "The most responsive student"

Teacher: Dear friends, at the end of the lesson we will sing national melodies and songs.

Lapars are sung by students.

Homework: Reading legends about Navruz.