Is cervical cancer on the rise in Uzbekistan?

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Cervical cancer is one of the most common oncological diseases among women in the world. Uzbekistan ranks fourth in the world in the number of deaths of young women from this disease.

"Every year, 1660 women in Uzbekistan are diagnosed with cervical cancer," said Elmira Basitkhanova, Deputy Minister of Health of Uzbekistan. “On average, about 600 women die of this disease in our country every year. That is almost two people every day. The disease is caused by the human papilloma virus.

Dilorom Tursunova, Deputy Head of the Main Department for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Ministry of Health, spoke about why this situation has occurred in the country and how to solve the problem.

What is the human papilloma virus (OPV) that causes cervical cancer?

In 95-99 percent of cases, cervical cancer is caused by OPV. There are several serotypes of this virus, the main ones being serotypes 16 and 18 that cause this cancer.

The number of people infected with OPV worldwide is every year 60 thousand per year in Uzbekistan 1660 patients will be registered. That's it 608 women die.

What is the situation in Uzbekistan?

The World Health Organization has developed a vaccine against OPV and concluded that a vaccine is needed to prevent it. Vaccination against OPV is included in the national immunization schedule of many states, now In 92 countries young girls free vaccinated.

Not only women but also men can be infected with this virus. It is mainly of reproductive age, ie 24 to 45 years of age common in women.

On the incidence of cervical cancer Uzbekistan is the fourth in the world stands in place. That is why President Shavkat Mirziyoyev paid special attention to this problem and included the vaccine against this virus in our national vaccination schedule.

On the recommendation of the Ministry of Health in Uzbekistan from 2019 only about 9 400-year-old girls are free vaccinated. But adults over the age of 9 can also be vaccinated, one for a fee.

Also in 2010 Tashkent, Andijan and Navoi The same vaccine was administered in the provinces. Because these regions have the highest number of patients with this disease and 8 thousand The girl was vaccinated. But the vaccine did not cause any adverse complications or side effects. We are constantly monitoring those girls today, many of whom are married and mothers.

Why was the vaccination stopped?

First, it is a vaccine very expensive costs

The second is to buy it queuing states too much.

Another reason was that Uzbekistan did not have sufficient conditions to store the vaccine.

How much does the vaccine cost?

One dose of this vaccine is provided by our state with the help of UNICEF $ 5,6 (about 47 soums) and 9-year-old girls are permanently vaccinated for free.

From the state to vaccinate a girl if adults over 9 years of age want to be vaccinated $ 12 (more than 100 soums) funds will be allocated. They can be vaccinated at paid vaccination centers.

How does the human papilloma virus appear?

Before using a vaccine, we study and analyze its results and complications. Due to the experience of developed countries and the good results of vaccination in three regions, this vaccine has been included in our national vaccination schedule.

Papilloma virus is already present in the external environment and can be present in anyone. 15 or 20-25 years old if you are infected with this virus, After 20-25 years complications occur.

Not everyone, especially those with low immunity, anemia or severe stress, in medical terms, prone to this virus leads to cancer in organisms.

That’s why we want to start vaccinating 9-year-old girls. Because at this age the immunity is strong and the vaccine gives good results. 2019-year-olds in 9 We have a vaccine for In 2020, it will be 10-14 years old The vaccine must arrive for.

What to do to avoid contracting the virus?

There are effective treatments for breast cancer, but no such methods have yet been found for cervical cancer. Therefore, the only way to reduce deaths from this type of cancer worldwide is to undergo a timely medical examination (screening). Recently, vaccination against OPV has also been effective.

There are no specific symptoms of OPV. If someone is infected with this virus, to treat it large sums of money are required. That is why our women need to undergo regular medical examinations. Because only through this can you know if there is a virus.

But if vaccinated, the disease is prevented, saves a lot of money. No one knows in advance, this disease does not choose age and sex.

In 2018, "Women's Counseling Centers", "Young Girls Counseling Centers" were opened under the regional district medical associations (DMUs). There are gynecologists out there who check.

If there is a suspicion of cervical cancer, it will be examined by oncologists in regional and district centers. We have all the conditions to diagnose this disease.

Some facts about OPV

• OPV was detected in 90% of oncology patients. Vaccination of girls under 12 years of age against OPV reduces the incidence of this disease by 85% and in women over 45 years of age by 55%.
• Early sex. Cervical cancer is more likely to be caused by starting sex at an early age. Because during adolescence, women’s tissues are underdeveloped and prone to injury, which can lead to dangerous tumors. It has been scientifically proven that if you have sex before the age of 16, the risk of the disease increases 16 times, 16 times in 19-3 years, and 13 times in 14-26 years.
• Irregular sex life. The number of sexual partners increases the incidence of OPV. A man who sleeps with five people in his life has almost 100 percent OPV.
• Continuous and irregular use of oral contraceptives. But there is no conclusive scientific evidence for this yet, as the use of oral contraceptives is usually associated with irregular sex or early onset of sexual intercourse.

Expert: Dilorom Tursunova.
Source: Minbar.uz