July 10 is the day the Bahamas were formed

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The Commonwealth of the Bahamas is a country in Central America. In the Caribbean, southeast of the Florida Peninsula. Located in the Bahamas archipelago of 700 islands. The area is 13,9 thousand sq. Km. 80% of the population are Negroes and hybrids. 58% of the population lives in cities. The capital of the country is Nassau. The official language is English. Most of the believers are Protestants. State system. The Bahamas is a constitutional monarchy. It is part of the British-led Commonwealth. The head of state is the King (Queen) of England, on whose behalf the Governor-General acts. The legislature is a bicameral (Senate and House of Representatives) parliament. The executive branch is a government headed by a prime minister appointed by the governor-general. Nature. The Bahamas archipelago consists mainly of coral islands. The surface is flat, mostly composed of stone, limestone and gypsum. Climate - tropical, passat. The average temperature in January is 20, 22 °, in July 28 °. Annual precipitation is 1100-1700 mm. There will be a lot of rain from May to October. There are frequent hurricanes. There are many salt lakes. The soil belongs to the laterite category. There are always blue-thorny shrubs, pine forests, coconuts on the beach. Lots of birds. The surrounding seas are rich in fish. Limestone, salt and argon are mined on the islands, and oil fields are being explored. History. The indigenous people of the Bahamas were Indians. In 1492, X. Columbus's expedition reached the New World and landed on one of the eastern islands of the archipelago, which the Spaniards called San Salvador. The fate of the Bahamas Indians was tragic. The Spaniards took them to Cuba and Espanolu (Haiti) and used them in ore deposits. They perished here. When the British invaded the islands in 1629, it was uninhabited. In 1782, the Bahamas was again occupied by the Spaniards. But by 1783 it had become a full-fledged British colony. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, many Englishmen moved here with their Negro slaves and began to develop plantation farming. From the late XNUMXth century, U.S. businessmen began to come to the Bahamas, but could not find jobs that would invest. From 1946 onwards, the influx of tourists began, and by the end of the 50s, their influx was particularly strong. The Bahamas has become a winter resort for the United States and Europe. Huge hotels and entertainment facilities have been built here. American companies interested in tax incentives have invested heavily in tourism development. Later, many foreign banks and firms opened their offices. The Bahamas has become the largest financial center of the Western Hemisphere. In 1964, Britain was forced to grant internal independence to the Bahamas. In 1973, the Bahamas was declared independent. The Bahamas has been a member of the UN since 1973. National holiday 10 way - Independence Day. Political parties, trade unions. The Progressive Liberal Party, formed in 1953; The Free National Movement, formed in 1972; Congress of Trade Unions of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. Farm. The Bahamas is an agrarian country. The basis of the economy is plantation farming. Agriculture meets only 25% of food needs. Oranges, bananas, pineapples, mangoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, sugar cane, sisal are grown. Sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry are fed. Fish and sea creatures are hunted. More than half of the economically active population is engaged in tourist services. The refinery in the Greater Bahamas produces $ 25 million a year. tons of oil. While 85% of Bahamas' imports are crude oil, 90% of its exports are petroleum products. There are cement and food industries in the Bahamas. The main seaport is Nassau. The country also exports medicines, cement, rum, salt, and buys equipment, vehicles, and foodstuffs. It has foreign trade relations with the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The currency is the Bahamas. In the Bahamas, the Nassau Guardian (Nassau Guardian, since 1844), the Nassau Daily Tribune (Nassau Minbari, since 1903), the government weekly Ofishl Gazette, and the Behamian Review megezin ”(The Bahamas Review, since 1952).