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❓Why is blood divided into groups?
🩸Blood consists of plasma and floating cells - erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. In the envelope of erythrocytes are several hundred antigens - glycoproteins or glycolipids, the presence of which is determined by genetics.
Two antigens are important for the 🩸AVO system: A and B. Blood group is determined by their presence or absence.
🩸 Blood group A (II) - erythrocytes produce only antigen A.
B (III) - produces only B antigen.
Blood group O (I) - No A or B antigens.
AB (IV) - has both A or B antigens.
🩸If a person with blood group A is transfused with group B blood, his anti-B antibodies will begin to react to the antigens of the donor blood, and the blood groups and red cell antigens will combine with them. As a result, blood vessels can become clogged and death can occur.
🩸If a person has blood group A, he can be transfused with blood of groups A and O. Group B corresponds to group B and O blood. Those in the AV blood group continue to receive blood from all groups.
Blood belonging to group O is given only to its own group. But they can be donors for all. Because they do not have antigens, neither alpha nor beta antibodies will fight this type of blood.