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Today, August 12, is the day of the signing of the Gandymiyan Treaty
Gandimiyan Treaty - after Russian troops occupied Khiva in the spring of 1873, on August 1873, 12, the treaty was concluded between Russia and Khiva Khan Muhammad Rahim Khan II in the village of Ghandimiyan near Khiva.
According to the agreement, the khan became a vassal of the Russian tsar and was deprived of conducting an independent foreign policy. The lands on the right bank of the Amudarya were transferred to Russia, where the Amudarya Department was established and included in the General Governorate of Turkestan.
Russian industrialists and merchants received the right to trade duty-free, purchase land, and build industrial enterprises throughout the Khanate.
Local courts could no longer try Russian citizens. In addition, Khan gave 2 million to the Russian government. He undertook to pay compensation of 200 rubles.
Thus, the Khandimiyan Treaty turned the Khanate of Khiva into a colony of Russia.