An electrocardiogram is a curve that reflects the electrical impulses generated when the heart muscle is working. The electrocardiogram is recorded on paper or photographic film using an electrocardiograph. ECGs of cardiac currents (motion currents) distributed throughout the body are recorded with electrodes mounted on different parts of the body (chest, arms and legs) and connected to an electrocardiograph.
Advances in modern technology allow the person being tested to create devices that record ECGs using television or radio transmitters, even over long distances. Such methods allow monitoring the heart activity of athletes, astronauts and others in severe physical tests.
The ECG of healthy people depends on body composition, age and so on. However, on a normal ECG, it is always possible to distinguish between the teeth and the intervals (intervals) that reflect the successive movements of the heart muscle. In different diseases, the size of the ECG teeth, their duration and direction, the duration and location of the intervals (segments) vary significantly.
The ECG detects various changes in heart rhythm, ischemic heart disease, the nature and stages of myocardial infarction. ECG diagnosis of heart disease is a leader among other screening methods.
Three standard and six chest connections are used to record the electrocardiogram. In the I standard connection, the electrocardiogram is recorded from the right and left hand in the connection position. In II, electricity is recorded from the right arm and left leg, and in III, from the left arm and left leg.
When recording an electrocardiogram at the chest connection, the current is taken directly in the area of the heart. One of the electrodes is connected to the right hand and cannot be removed until all the chest connections have been recorded. The second chest electrode is placed at the following points on the chest. On the right side of the chest to the fourth rib space — the first chest connection (CR1 or V1), on the left edge of the chest in the fifth rib space - the second chest connection (CR2 or V2); then the fifth rib of the thoracic electrode
is always removed along certain familiar lines in the range, so that the electrode is located in the left line of the third connection (CR).3 or V3), left middle life
the fourth connection located along the line (CR4 or V4), the fifth connection located along the front seat line (CR5 or V5) and a sixth connection (CR.) located along the midline6 or V6) will be.
The curve of cardiac activity currents recorded using an electrocardiograph is called an electrocardiogram. A normal electrocardiogram is an upward-pointing three (B1R and T) and down
will have two oriented teeth (Q and S). The P tooth reflects the electrical phenomena that take place in the chambers of the heart. The QRS and T teeth form the ventricular complex.
In this case, if the QRS teeth are recorded on the electrocardiogram at the time when the excitation wave propagates through the ventricles, the T wave indicates the time of completion of the wave. There is a distance between the P tooth and the Q tooth, which is called the P-Q interval. There is an S-T interval between the S tooth and the T tooth. The size, direction, and character of the electrocardiogram teeth depend on a variety of factors. On a normal electrocardiogram, the largest teeth are observed at the second connection, slightly smaller at the first connection, and the smallest at the third connection.
