Ultrasound (ultrasound), screening, Doppler examinations in pregnancy

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Today, it is not a problem for a mother to know whether her child will be a boy or a girl. He may even take his first photo as a souvenir. At the request of parents, it is also possible to make an album by videotaping the behavior of the baby in the womb. The only condition is that these inspections are different from each other, and you know when and how they should be conducted.

What is an ultrasound scan?

This ultrasound scan uses a black-and-white image to show the appearance, location, and sex of the fetus. Fetal data are analyzed using monitors on the monitor.

How many times can I have an ultrasound during pregnancy?

Up to 5-6 ultrasound scans can be performed during a normal pregnancy. We often hear people say that microwaves harm the fetus. But there is no basis for this statement. A timely and proper examination does not adversely affect either the mother or the child. In addition, UTT can be used during pregnancy to determine fetal development, the location of internal organs, various birth defects, and the degree of clarity of the amniotic fluid.

UTT in pregnancy: First examination

It is performed at 12 weeks of gestation and uses 2D ultrasound to obtain information about the formation of internal organs in the fetus, the condition of the limbs and the skull. The initial examination calculates the exact duration of the fetus and the approximate period of birth.

The second check

As a rule, the fetus is performed at 18–21 weeks, which determines the location of the placenta, the amount and condition of amniotic fluid, as well as the heart rate of the unborn child.

The third check

By this time, the fetus is much larger. Because the third test is prenatal, it is performed to determine the location of the fetus, the position of the placental axis in the umbilical region, and prenatal changes in the cervical wall. For doctors, the test is used to determine a woman's readiness for childbirth, while the expectant parent can watch a baby moving his or her arms and legs and show affection to a new member of the family.

What is instant UTT?

In cases of severe pain in the bladder and lower back, changes in discharge, bleeding, premature labor, or rupture of the vagina, an ultrasound examination is performed immediately. It is important to determine the fetal heart rate and the cause of the changes. Rapid examination is performed at the maternity ward where the pregnant woman was brought.

Is screening necessary for everyone?

Screening is also recommended for healthy women to rule out possible hereditary diseases in the fetus, to prevent developmental delays, and to rule out the development of birth defects. This test detects not only pathological changes in the fetus, but also a biochemical analysis of the blood, which provides accurate information about certain diseases of the latent type. Screening is performed in one of three periods, depending on the course of the pregnancy, and is considered a one-time practice. According to him:

• Early screening at 10-14 weeks of gestation is performed to determine the possibility of hereditary diseases and to be aware of chromosomal changes. A biochemical blood test of the fetus is also performed.
• It is performed at 16 to 20 weeks to detect possible birth defects in the fetus.
• It is performed at 32-34 weeks to detect possible changes in the late stages of fetal development and a number of diseases.

You can get a referral for screening at the family clinic at your place of residence.

When do you go for a Doppler scan?

Although the pregnancy is uncomplicated, it is recommended that all women undergo a Doppler examination to rule out possible complications after 24 weeks. In addition, multiple dopplerometry tests may be recommended if the following conditions are detected during pregnancy. Including:

• Diabetes mellitus, diseases associated with kidney function,
• Two or more fetuses,
• Gestosis,
• Recurrence of adverse changes in previous pregnancies,
• Unsatisfactory cardiotocography results.

In this test, fetal changes can be seen using special sensors. Doppler imaging is based on the "mother-satellite-fetus" system, which allows you to determine the image of red blood cells in the fetus. Couples can also have a Doppler scan if they wish. A medical report by a UTT analyst will be prepared based on the findings of the dopplerometry examination and, if necessary, a referral will be made to the treating physician.

Is there a need for 3D, 4D UTT?

If your doctor suspects any abnormalities in the fetus or any changes in the evening, she may refer you for an enlarged test. These tests are important for expressing images of the fetus that cannot be seen in 2D. 3D and 4D ultrasound scans can be performed from 6-7 weeks to 40 weeks of gestation.

What is the difference?

3D, unlike a standard 2D ultrasound scan, shows a three-part image. The color image not only shows the child's facial features and appearance, but also allows you to assess the soft tissues of the skin. In addition, some defects in the appearance of the fetus, such as upper lip and palate defects, can be detected in an enlarged image and the medical conclusion can be clearly interpreted. In a 3D scan, the condition of the fetus is shown through a series of images.

"4D" differs from "3D" in that it represents an online image. During the examination, it is as if a small video camera is moving inside the fetus, displaying the image on a monitor screen. This method is performed using a special device. A 4D scan is used to detect birth defects in the fetus, various tumors, and water retention in a specific part of the body. There are two types of 4D screening: imaging of fetal movements and 4D LIVE (video of the baby's current movements). Optionally, you can select this or that type of scan and burn the scanned images to disk.

Who is not allowed UTT during pregnancy?

It is widely believed that ultrasound can emit heat and cause harm to the fetus. But this is wrong! The vibrational state of the ultrasound waves is completely detrimental to the fetus. Doctors say that women who come for tests such as UTT during pregnancy should not have any muscle tension in the abdomen. Because only in this case it is a little difficult to determine the condition of the fetus. The rest of the time there are no contraindications for UTT.

 

Experts: Shahnoza Bahodirova, gynecologist.
Liliya Sabirova, UTT diagnostician.
Journalist: Dildora Yusufbekova.
Source: Sogdiyona newspaper.