There will be a number of laws in any state legal system. But there is not a single law that is recognized as the most important among them, and that is the constitution. The Latin translation of the word ‘constitutio’ means ‘statute, rules’. So what does the constitution determine?
The Constitution defines the structure of society and the state, the basic principles of formation and activity of public authorities and administration, their powers, the basic rights and duties of citizens. All other laws, codes, decisions and decrees are adopted on the basis of and in accordance with the constitution. This means that every normative document of the state must be in accordance with the constitution.
What is constitutional law and how does it relate to the constitution? The difference between the constitution and constitutional law is that the constitution, although the main one, is one of many laws, and constitutional law is a whole branch of law, including the whole branch of the constitution. i.
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW - THE LEADING NETWORK OF LAW
Constitutional law is the leading branch of law in the national legal system, because the constitution, which has the strongest legal force, serves as its main source.
As a basic law, the constitution embodies in practice a public agreement, that is, an agreement between the people and their state to ensure and guarantee the conditions for safe and free development. Therefore, his ideas are included in all other laws in force in the state.
The provisions of the Constitution, which embody the general principles, are also developed in all branches of law existing in the state.
In order to confirm this, we refer to one of the chapters of the Constitution of our country, for example, dedicated to the family. This chapter consists of only four articles. It may seem very rare, but the ideas embodied in them are concretely developed in other norms of family law.
However, the Family Code consists of 238 articles. There are only three articles in Chapter VI on citizenship. At the same time, the law "On Civil Affairs" consists of 45 articles. gives life to laws and legal norms. The supreme legal force of the Constitution is manifested in the same way. As we have already mentioned, all other legal provisions derive from it and must be in accordance with the constitution.
If you imagine the legal system in the form of a pyramid with the constitution at the top, you will see that all the normative documents - laws, decrees, industry norms, etc. - are located on the slopes.
Constitutional law is the basis of all other legal norms, every branch of law, every law and every piece of legislation. That is why constitutional law has a leading position in the national legal system of any country.
ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
The first session of the Supreme Soviet of Uzbekistan of the 1990th convocation, held in March 1990, raised the issue of drafting a new constitution. At the second session of the Supreme Council in June XNUMX, a Constitutional Commission was established under the chairmanship of President IA Karimov.
The draft Constitution, prepared by the Commission taking into account a number of proposals, will be submitted to the Supreme Soviet, which will approve it at the XI session and adopt the current Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The first Constitution of Uzbekistan was enacted in this way, and the day of its adoption, December 8, was declared by a special law as the Constitution Day of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a national holiday.
The main features of the 1992 Constitution are that it proclaims man, his life, liberty, honor and dignity as the highest value, recognizes the primacy of human interests, his rights and freedoms over the state, that it has set itself the direct task of serving the interests of man and society, that it has strengthened the principle of political pluralism, and that it has recognized the judiciary as a source of power.
