Thursday, December 10, 2020. 345th day of the year. There are 21 days remaining until the end of the year.
? HISTORICAL EVENTS?
In 1041, his son, who had adopted the Byzantine emperor Zoe, ascended the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V.
1317 - "Nikoping Banquet" - King of Sweden Birger betrays his two brothers Valdemar, Duke of Finland and Eder, Duke of Södermanland, who later starved to death in a dungeon at Nyköping Castle.
1508 - The Cambrian League is formed as an alliance against Venice by Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, the Holy Roman Emperor, and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
1520 - Martin Luther burns a copy of the pope's bull Exsurge Domine in front of his Witsenberg Elster Gate.
1541 - Thomas Kulpeper and Francis Derekham are executed for having an affair with Catherine Howard, Queen of England and wife of Henry VIII.
1652 - Defeat in the Battle of Dungeness causes the Commonwealth of England to reform its navy.
1665 - The Royal Dutch Marine Corps is founded by Michael de Ruiter
1684 - Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravitation is read in the newspaper De Motu Corporum, gyrum, by Edmond Helli to the Royal Society.
1768 - The first edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica is published.
1799 - France adopts the meter as its unit of length.
1817 - Mississippi becomes the 20th state of the United States.
1861 - American Civil War: The Confederate States of America adopt a resolution of the rival state government declaring Kentucky the 13th state of the Confederacy.
1861 - Forces led by Nguyen Trung Trak, anti-colonial guerrilla leader in South Vietnam, overthrow Frenchwoman Laura L'Eperance.
1864 - American Civil War: Sherman's Marine Corps: Major-General William Tekumseh Sherman's Allied Army reaches the external confederate defense of Savannah, Georgia.
1868 - The first traffic lights are installed outside Westminster Palace in London. Like railway signals, they use semaphore arms and illuminate at night with red and green gas lamps.
1877 - Russo-Turkish War: Russian troops occupy Plevna after a five-month siege. The remaining 5 Turkish garrisons surrendered. Russia's victory is crucial to the war and the liberation of Bulgaria.
1884 - Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published.
1896 - Alfred Jarry's Ubu Roy premieres in Paris. At the end of the play, a riot begins.
1898 - Spanish-American War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the conflict.
1901 - The first Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm to mark the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.
1902 - Opening of the Aswan Dam Reservoir in Egypt.
1907 - The most horrific night of the Brown Dog Rebellion in London, 1000 medical students clash with 400 police officers over the presence of an animated animal monument.
1909 - Selma Lagerlöf becomes the first female writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1932 - Thailand becomes a constitutional monarchy.
1936 - Abdikation Crisis: Edward VIII signs the Abdication Instrument.
1941 - World War II: The capital ships of the Royal Navy are sunk by the Prince of Wales and the Emperor of HMS Repulse by Japanese naval torpedo bombers near Malaya, Britain.
1942 - World War II: The Polish government sends the Rashinski note (the first official report on the Holocaust) in exile to 26 governments that have signed the United Nations Declaration.
1949 - Civil War in China: The People's Liberation Army begins its siege of Chengdu, the last city under the control of the Kuomintang on the Chinese mainland, and forces Chinese President Zhang Kai-shek and his government to retreat to Taiwan.
1953 - Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, receives the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1963 - Zanzibar gains independence from Britain as a constitutional monarchy, led by Sultan Jamshid bin Abdullah.
1963 - An assassination attempt on the British High Commissioner in Aden kills two and injures dozens.
1968 - Japan's biggest idea, the as-yet-undisclosed "plunder of 300 million yen," is implemented in Tokyo.
1978 - Arab-Israeli conflict: Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Prime Minister and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat jointly win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1979 - Kaohsiung incident: Pro-democracy demonstrations in Taiwan are suppressed by the KMT dictatorship and the organizers are arrested.
1983 - Democracy is restored in Argentina with the inauguration of President Raul Alfonso.
1984 - The United Nations General Assembly recognizes the Convention against Torture.
1989 - Mongolian Revolution: In the first open demonstration in support of democracy in the country, Tsakhiagin Elbegdorj announces the formation of the Democratic Union of Mongolia.
1993 - The last shift leaves the Wearmouth Colliery in Sunderland. The closure of the 156-year-old well marks the end of an old Durham County coal mine that has been in operation since the Middle Ages.
1994 - Genocide in Rwanda: Maurice Baril, UN military adviser to the UN Secretary-General and head of the Military Department of the Department of Peace Operations, recommends UNAMIR to stand.
1995 - The Israeli army withdraws from Nablus under the Oslo Accords.
1996 - South Africa's new constitution is proclaimed by Nelson Mandela.
1999 - Helen Clark is sworn in as Prime Minister of New Zealand, the second woman to hold the post and the first woman after the election.
2014 - Palestinian Minister Ziad Abu Ein is assassinated after a crackdown by Israeli forces on a village in Ramallah (Turmusaya).
2016 - Two explosions in front of a football stadium in Istanbul, Turkey, killing 38 people and injuring 166 others.
2017 - ISIS is defeated in Iraq.
2019 - Democrats in the U.S. House of Representatives declare official powers against Donald Trump, accusing him of abuse of power and obstructing Congress, making him the fourth president in U.S. history to be impeached.
? BORN?
553 - Huju, emperor of the Chen dynasty (died 604).
1376 - Edmund Mortimer, English aristocrat and rebel (died 1409)
1452 - Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1531)
1472 - Anne de Movbray, 8th Count of Norfolk (died 1481)
1489 - Foys Gaston, Duke of Nemurs (died 1512).
1588 - Isaac Beckman, Dutch scientist and philosopher (died 1637)
1610 - Adriaen van Ostade, Dutch painter (died 1685) [10]
1654 - Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, Italian painter (died 1719)
1658 - Lancelot Blackburn, Archbishop of York (died 1743).
1713 - Johann Nicholas Mempel, German cantor and organist (died 1747).
1751 - George Shaw, English botanist and zoologist (died 1813)
1776 - Maria Leopoldin, Archduke of Austria-Este (died 1848)
1783 - Maria Bibiana Benitez, Puerto Rican poet and playwright (died 1873).
1787 - Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American teacher, founded the American School for the Deaf (died 1851).
1804 - Karl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, German mathematician and academician (died 1851).
1805 - William Lloyd Garrison, American journalist and activist, founded the Liberator (died 1879).
1805 - Joseph Skoda, Czech physician, dermatologist and academician (died 1881).
1811 - Caroline Mehitivar Fisher Sawyer, American poet, biographer and editor (died 1894)
1870 - Jadunat Sarkar, Indian historian (died 1958)
1870 - Adolf Loos, Austrian architect and theorist (died 1933)
1870 - Pierre Lou, Belgian-French writer and poet (died 1925)
1878 - C. Rajagopalachari, Indian lawyer and politician, 45th Governor-General of India (died 1972)
1882 - Otto Neyrat, Austrian sociologist and philosopher (died 1945)
1882 - Shigenori Togo, Japanese politician, 37th Japanese Foreign Minister (died 1950)
1885 - Elizabeth Baker, American economist and academic (died 1973)
1891 - Harold Alexander, the first Count of Tunisia, is a British field marshal and politician, the 17th Governor-General of Canada (died 1969).
1896 - Torsten Bergstrom, Swedish actor and director (died 1948)
1903 - Una Merkel, American actress (died 1986)
1904 - Antonin Novotny, Czechoslovak politician, President of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (died 1975).
1906 - Jules Ladumège, French runner (died 1973)
1912 - Philip Hart, American lawyer and politician, 49th Lieutenant Governor of Michigan (died 1976).
